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Immuno - Callan > Immune Response to Infection > Flashcards

Immune Response to Infection Flashcards

1
Q

Phagocytes: Oxidative killing

A. Is mediated by Toll-like receptors which recognise pathogen associated molecular patterns
B. May be mediated by antibodies, complement components or acute phase proteins and facilitates phagocytosis
C. Describes killing mediated by reactive oxygen species generated by action of the NADPH oxidase complex
D. May be mediated by bacteriocidal enzymes such as lysozyme

A

C. Describes killing mediated by reactive oxygen species generated by action of the NADPH oxidase complex

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2
Q

Phagocytes: Pathogen recognition

A. Is mediated by Toll-like receptors which recognise pathogen associated molecular patterns
B. May be mediated by antibodies, complement components or acute phase proteins and facilitates phagocytosis
C. Describes killing mediated by reactive oxygen species generated by action of the NADPH oxidase complex
D. May be mediated by bacteriocidal enzymes such as lysozyme

A

A. Is mediated by Toll-like receptors which recognise pathogen associated molecular patterns

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3
Q

Phagocytes: Opsonisation

A. Is mediated by Toll-like receptors which recognise pathogen associated molecular patterns
B. May be mediated by antibodies, complement components or acute phase proteins and facilitates phagocytosis
C. Describes killing mediated by reactive oxygen species generated by action of the NADPH oxidase complex
D. May be mediated by bacteriocidal enzymes such as lysozyme

A

B. May be mediated by antibodies, complement components or acute phase proteins and facilitates phagocytosis

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4
Q

Phagocytes: Non-oxidative killing

A. Is mediated by Toll-like receptors which recognise pathogen associated molecular patterns
B. May be mediated by antibodies, complement components or acute phase proteins and facilitates phagocytosis
C. Describes killing mediated by reactive oxygen species generated by action of the NADPH oxidase complex
D. May be mediated by bacteriocidal enzymes such as lysozyme

A

D. May be mediated by bacteriocidal enzymes such as lysozyme

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5
Q

Innate immune system: Neutrophils

A. Derived from monocytes and resident in peripheral tissues
B. Polymorphonuclear cells capable of phagocytosing pathogens and killing by oxidative and non-oxidative mechanisms
C. Lymphocytes that express inhibitory receptors capable of recognising HLA class I molecules and have cytotoxic capacity
D. Immature cells are adapted for pathogen recognition and uptake whilst mature cells are adapted for antigen presentation to prime T cells

A

B. Polymorphonuclear cells capable of phagocytosing pathogens and killing by oxidative and non-oxidative mechanisms

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6
Q

Innate immune system: Natural killer cells

A. Derived from monocytes and resident in peripheral tissues
B. Polymorphonuclear cells capable of phagocytosing pathogens and killing by oxidative and non-oxidative mechanisms
C. Lymphocytes that express inhibitory receptors capable of recognising HLA class I molecules and have cytotoxic capacity
D. Immature cells are adapted for pathogen recognition and uptake whilst mature cells are adapted for antigen presentation to prime T cells

A

C. Lymphocytes that express inhibitory receptors capable of recognising HLA class I molecules and have cytotoxic capacity

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7
Q

Innate immune system: Dendritic cells

A. Derived from monocytes and resident in peripheral tissues
B. Polymorphonuclear cells capable of phagocytosing pathogens and killing by oxidative and non-oxidative mechanisms
C. Lymphocytes that express inhibitory receptors capable of recognising HLA class I molecules and have cytotoxic capacity
D. Immature cells are adapted for pathogen recognition and uptake whilst mature cells are adapted for antigen presentation to prime T cells

A

D. Immature cells are adapted for pathogen recognition and uptake whilst mature cells are adapted for antigen presentation to prime T cells

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8
Q

Innate immune system: Macrophages

A. Derived from monocytes and resident in peripheral tissues
B. Polymorphonuclear cells capable of phagocytosing pathogens and killing by oxidative and non-oxidative mechanisms
C. Lymphocytes that express inhibitory receptors capable of recognising HLA class I molecules and have cytotoxic capacity
D. Immature cells are adapted for pathogen recognition and uptake whilst mature cells are adapted for antigen presentation to prime T cells

A

A. Derived from monocytes and resident in peripheral tissues

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9
Q

Adaptive immune system (T cells): Th1 cells

A. Express receptors that recognise peptides usually derived from intracellular proteins and expressed on HLA class I molecules
B. Subset of lymphocytes that express Foxp3 and CD25
C. Subset of cells that express CD4 and secrete IFN gamma and IL-2
D. Play an important role in promoting germinal centre reactions and differentiation of B cells into IgG and IgA secreting plasma cells

A

C. Subset of cells that express CD4 and secrete IFN gamma and IL-2

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10
Q

Adaptive immune system (T cells): CD8 cells

A. Express receptors that recognise peptides usually derived from intracellular proteins and expressed on HLA class I molecules
B. Subset of lymphocytes that express Foxp3 and CD25
C. Subset of cells that express CD4 and secrete IFN gamma and IL-2
D. Play an important role in promoting germinal centre reactions and differentiation of B cells into IgG and IgA secreting plasma cells

A

A. Express receptors that recognise peptides usually derived from intracellular proteins and expressed on HLA class I molecules

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11
Q

Adaptive immune system (T cells): T follicular helper (Tfh) cells

A. Express receptors that recognise peptides usually derived from intracellular proteins and expressed on HLA class I molecules
B. Subset of lymphocytes that express Foxp3 and CD25
C. Subset of cells that express CD4 and secrete IFN gamma and IL-2
D. Play an important role in promoting germinal centre reactions and differentiation of B cells into IgG and IgA secreting plasma cells

A

D. Play an important role in promoting germinal centre reactions and differentiation of B cells into IgG and IgA secreting plasma cells

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12
Q

Adaptive immune system (T cells): T regulatory cells

A. Express receptors that recognise peptides usually derived from intracellular proteins and expressed on HLA class I molecules
B. Subset of lymphocytes that express Foxp3 and CD25
C. Subset of cells that express CD4 and secrete IFN gamma and IL-2
D. Play an important role in promoting germinal centre reactions and differentiation of B cells into IgG and IgA secreting plasma cells

A

B. Subset of lymphocytes that express Foxp3 and CD25

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13
Q

Adaptive immune system (B cells): Pre-B cells

A. Exist within the bone marrow and develop from haematopoietic stem cells
B. Cell dependent on the presence of CD4 T cell help for generation
C. Are generated rapidly following antigen recognition and are not dependent on CD4 T cell help
D. Divalent antibody present within mucuous which helps provide a constitutive barrier to infection

A

A. Exist within the bone marrow and develop from haematopoietic stem cells

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14
Q

Adaptive immune system (B cells): IgA

A. Exist within the bone marrow and develop from haematopoietic stem cells
B. Cell dependent on the presence of CD4 T cell help for generation
C. Are generated rapidly following antigen recognition and are not dependent on CD4 T cell help
D. Divalent antibody present within mucuous which helps provide a constitutive barrier to infection

A

D. Divalent antibody present within mucuous which helps provide a constitutive barrier to infection

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15
Q

Adaptive immune system (B cells): IgG secreting plasma cells

A. Exist within the bone marrow and develop from haematopoietic stem cells
B. Cell dependent on the presence of CD4 T cell help for generation
C. Are generated rapidly following antigen recognition and are not dependent on CD4 T cell help
D. Divalent antibody present within mucuous which helps provide a constitutive barrier to infection

A

B. Cell dependent on the presence of CD4 T cell help for generation

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16
Q

Adaptive immune system (B cells): IgM secreting plasma cells

A. Exist within the bone marrow and develop from haematopoietic stem cells
B. Cell dependent on the presence of CD4 T cell help for generation
C. Are generated rapidly following antigen recognition and are not dependent on CD4 T cell help
D. Divalent antibody present within mucuous which helps provide a constitutive barrier to infection

A

C. Are generated rapidly following antigen recognition and are not dependent on CD4 T cell help

17
Q

Anatomy of the immune system: Primary lymphoid organs

A. Area within secondary lymphoid tissue where B cells proliferate and undergo affinity maturation and isotype switching
B. Include both the bone marrow and thymus; sites of B and T cell development
C. Carries lymphocytes from lymph nodes back to the blood circulation
D. Site of deletion of T cells with inappropriately high or low affinity for HLA molecules and of maturation of T cells into CD4+ or CD8+ cells

A

B. Include both the bone marrow and thymus; sites of B and T cell development

18
Q

Anatomy of the immune system: Thoracic duct

A. Area within secondary lymphoid tissue where B cells proliferate and undergo affinity maturation and isotype switching
B. Include both the bone marrow and thymus; sites of B and T cell development
C. Carries lymphocytes from lymph nodes back to the blood circulation
D. Site of deletion of T cells with inappropriately high or low affinity for HLA molecules and of maturation of T cells into CD4+ or CD8+ cells

A

C. Carries lymphocytes from lymph nodes back to the blood circulation

19
Q

Anatomy of the immune system: Thymus

A. Area within secondary lymphoid tissue where B cells proliferate and undergo affinity maturation and isotype switching
B. Include both the bone marrow and thymus; sites of B and T cell development
C. Carries lymphocytes from lymph nodes back to the blood circulation
D. Site of deletion of T cells with inappropriately high or low affinity for HLA molecules and of maturation of T cells into CD4+ or CD8+ cells

A

D. Site of deletion of T cells with inappropriately high or low affinity for HLA molecules and of maturation of T cells into CD4+ or CD8+ cells

20
Q

Anatomy of the immune system: Germinal centre

A. Area within secondary lymphoid tissue where B cells proliferate and undergo affinity maturation and isotype switching
B. Include both the bone marrow and thymus; sites of B and T cell development
C. Carries lymphocytes from lymph nodes back to the blood circulation
D. Site of deletion of T cells with inappropriately high or low affinity for HLA molecules and of maturation of T cells into CD4+ or CD8+ cells

A

A. Area within secondary lymphoid tissue where B cells proliferate and undergo affinity maturation and isotype switching

21
Q

Complement: C3

A. Binding of immune complexes to this protein triggers the classical pathway of complement activation
B. Cleavage of this protein may be triggered via the classical, MBL or alternative pathways
C. Binds to microbial surface carbohydrates to activate the complement cascade in an immune complex independent manner
D. Part of the final common pathway resulting in the generation of the membrane attack complex

A

B. Cleavage of this protein may be triggered via the classical, MBL or alternative pathways

22
Q

Complement: C1

A. Binding of immune complexes to this protein triggers the classical pathway of complement activation
B. Cleavage of this protein may be triggered via the classical, MBL or alternative pathways
C. Binds to microbial surface carbohydrates to activate the complement cascade in an immune complex independent manner
D. Part of the final common pathway resulting in the generation of the membrane attack complex

A

A. Binding of immune complexes to this protein triggers the classical pathway of complement activation

23
Q

Complement: C9

A. Binding of immune complexes to this protein triggers the classical pathway of complement activation
B. Cleavage of this protein may be triggered via the classical, MBL or alternative pathways
C. Binds to microbial surface carbohydrates to activate the complement cascade in an immune complex independent manner
D. Part of the final common pathway resulting in the generation of the membrane attack complex

A

D. Part of the final common pathway resulting in the generation of the membrane attack complex

24
Q

Complement: MBL

A. Binding of immune complexes to this protein triggers the classical pathway of complement activation
B. Cleavage of this protein may be triggered via the classical, MBL or alternative pathways
C. Binds to microbial surface carbohydrates to activate the complement cascade in an immune complex independent manner
D. Part of the final common pathway resulting in the generation of the membrane attack complex

A

C. Binds to microbial surface carbohydrates to activate the complement cascade in an immune complex independent manner

Immuno - Callan (7 decks)

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