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Meded Path Lectures > Immune Modulation > Flashcards

Immune Modulation Flashcards

1
Q

What is an immune adjuvant?

A

Increases the immune response to a select vaccine antigen without altering specificity

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2
Q

Which adjuvant is most commonly used in humans?

A

ALUM

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3
Q

List 2 indications for a haematopoeitic stem cell transplant.

A

SCID

Haematological Malignancy

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4
Q

List 3 indications for IVIG replacement

A

Bruton’s X-linked agammaglobulinaemia
Hyper IgM Syndrome
Kawasaki Disease

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5
Q

List 2 indications for specific antibody replacement

A

Hepatitis B

VZV in exposed, non-immune pregnant women

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6
Q

List 2 indications for T-Cell replacement

A

Transplant patients with chronic CMV/EBV infection

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7
Q

List 3 indications for IFN-alpha therapy

A

Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
CML (Rarely used)

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8
Q

List an indication for IFN-beta therapy

A

Behcet’s Disease

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9
Q

List an indication for IFN-gamma therapy

A

Chronic Granulomatous Disease

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10
Q

In which disease are immune checkpoint blockade agents commonly used?

A

Advanced Melanoma

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11
Q

What is the MOA of Ipilimumab?

A

CTLA4 blockade

Immune checkpoint blockade -> increased APC & T-Cell activity

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12
Q

Name two examples of immune checkpoint modulators

A

Ipililumab

Nivolumab

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13
Q

What is the MOA of nivolumab?

A

PD-1 Blockade

Increased T Cell activation

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14
Q

Give an example of a steroid used for immunosuppression

A

Prednisolone

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15
Q

What is the MOA of prednisolone?

A

Phospholipase A2 inhibitor

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16
Q

List two immunosuppressive agents which are anti-proliferative

A

Azathioprine

Methotrexate

17
Q

What is the MOA of Azathioprine?

A

Anti-metabolite, blocking purine synthesis

Preferentially affects T>B Cells

18
Q

List one key contraindication for Azathioprine

A

TPMT polymorphisms due to inability to metabolise and excrete

19
Q

What is the MOA of methotrexate?

A

Anti-Folate = anti-DNA synthesis

20
Q

What is the MOA of cyclosporin?

A

Calcineurin inhibitor, Blocks the IL-2 signalling pathway which limits T-Cell proliferation

21
Q

List one key side effect of syclosporin

A

Gingival Hypertrophy

22
Q

What is the MOA of rituximab?

A

Anti-CD20 = anti mature B cells, but not plasma cells

23
Q

What is the MOA of Infliximab/Etanercept?

A

Anti-TNF alpha

24
Q

What is the MOA of cyclophosphamide?

A

Alkylates guanine = no dna synthesis

B>T

25
Q

List one key side effect of cyclophosphamide use

A

Haemorrhagic Cystitis

26
Q

What is the MOA of Mycophenolate Mofetil?

A

Anti-Metabolite

T>B

27
Q

List one key side effect of mycophenolate motefil

A

Progressive multifocal leukoencepalopathy

28
Q

Which virus may cause Progressive multifocal leukoencepalopathy in patients on long term immunosuppression?

A

John Cunningham Virus

Meded Path Lectures (15 decks)

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