Immune Invasion

Question 1

describe microbial invasion of adaptive immunity

Answer 1

• causes non-specific over proliferation of B and T cells (epstein barr virus)
• cleaves IgA, which is present in mucosal areas (strep throat)
• bacteria can make protein A or protein G, which flip IgA or IgG around so these antibodies can’t function (so, no neutralization, opsonization, of complement fixation)
• hide antigens
• change antigens
• reproduce in white blood cells
• kill CD4-T cells (HIV) - this means no activation of B cells or CD8 to CTL’s

Question 2

neutralization

Answer 2

antibody binds epitope on pathogen, stops pathogen from binding to your cells

Question 3

opsonization

Answer 3

attracts phagocytic cells and enhances phagocytosis (opsonized bacteria get engulfed more readily) - this can occur with the help of antibodies!

Question 4

complement fixation

Answer 4

• antibody binds to epitope on an antigen
• complement binds to the constant region of the antibody
• this initiates MAC (membrane attack complex)
• this pokes holes in the membrane of the pathogen