Immune Dysfunction Flashcards
What are the two types of immune systems?
- Innate immunity
- Adaptive (acquired) immunity
What are the characteristics of innate immunity?
- Rapid and non-specific
- recognizes common pathogens
- requires no prior exposure
- no long lasting immunity
- no memory, identical response every time
- has cellular and non- cellular components
What are the non-cellular elements of innate immune system?
- Epithelial and mucous membranes
- complement proteins
- Acute phase proteins
What are the cellular elements of the innate immune system?
- Neutrophils
- Macrophages
- Monocytes
- NK cells
What type of cell do all cells in the immune system develop from?
Hematopoietic stem cell
What are the two types of common progenitor cells?
Lymphoid and myeloid
What is the role of complement proteins?
To augment phagocytes and antibodies by marking pathogens for permanent destruction.
How many plasma and cell surface proteins are there?
Over 30
Where are plasma and cell surface proteins produced?
Mostly in the liver
What are plasma and cell surface proteins activated by?
Primarily C1 (complement 1)
Alternatively C3
Which is the most numerous WBC?
Neutrophils
What is the function of neutrophils?
First responder
Migrate rapidly to infection
Release cytokines that phagocytize pathogens
What is the half-life of neutrophils? What causes them to die?
6 hours
They are sensitive to acidic environment of infection
What is the half-life of neutrophils? What causes them to die?
6 hours
They are sensitive to acidic environment of infection
What happens to neutrophils when they die?
They become purulent exudate that forms a film covering wounds
