immune-deficiency

Question 1

di-george syndrome

Answer 1

no thymus
no t-cells
cardiac abnormalities
lack of pale formation
22q11
v,f,b 
learning difficulties

Question 2

x-linked agammagobulinuaria

Answer 2

only in boys 
no tonsils
immature b cells
btk gene
terisin kinase
bacterial infection

Question 3

chronic muscos candis

Answer 3

never goes away
can go to finer
oropharyngeal cancer
cytokine abnormalities

Question 4

Chronic granulomatous disease

Answer 4

effects gums
effects neutrophils
recurrent abscesses
bowl inflammation

Question 5

scid

Answer 5

t-cells 
laminar flow
failure ti thrive
can effect b-cels
v,f,b infections

Question 6

secondary immunodeficiency

Answer 6

anti-convulsants -B cells
cytotoxic cancer- b and T cells

Carbimazole- hyperthyroidism
Neutrophils [mouth ulcersinitially amd then can get sepsis]
immune-suppressive drugs
-methotrexate
cyclopsprin
Monoclonal antibodies
Rituximab (anti-CD20(sits on B or plasma cells so reduction of antibodies ), anti-TNFs (particularly with TB)

Question 7

causes of oral ulcers

Answer 7

Aphthous
Nutritional deficiencies
Behcets syndrome
SLE (systemic lupus erythematosis)
Cancer
Crohn’s disease
Infection – viral (HSV), (bacterial)
Trauma
Haematological malignancy
Medications e.g.methotrexate
Oral dermatoses – lichen planus, pemphigoid, pemphigus
Once this list is exhausted look at immunodeficiency

Question 8

gingivitis and tooth loss

Answer 8

Pregnancy
Ciclosporin- Ciclosporin, also spelled cyclosporine and cyclosporin, is a calcineurin inhibitor, used as an immunosuppressant medication. It is a natural product. It is taken by mouth or by injection into a vein for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn’s disease, nephrotic syndrome, and in organ transplants to prevent rejection.[It is also used as eye drops for keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eyes).
Scurvy
Anticonvulsants
Chronic granulomatous disease ( primary immunodeficiency)
Poor oral hygiene

Question 9

primary and secondary lymph organs

Answer 9

primary

• bone marrow
• thymus

secondary
-(where adaptive responses start) pathogens are broken down and carried to these organs where the t and b-cells will interact with these
Adenoids, tonsils, lymph nodes, spleen, Peyers patch, appendix
mucosa

Question 10

spur

Answer 10

serious infection
persistant
u-unusal site/organism-liver
r- recurrent infection