immobilised enzymes Flashcards

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1
Q

state 5 advantages of using immobilised enzymes

A
  • more efficient and specific
  • no growth medium required
  • no need to purify enzyme from product
  • easily reused
  • decreased sensitivity to ph/temp
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2
Q

how is an immobilised enzyme formed?

A

the enzyme is fixed to inert substance and the substrate is passed over it

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3
Q

state 3 examples of immobilised enzymes

A
  • glucose isomerase = glucose to fructose
  • penicillin acylase = formation of semi synthetic penicillin
  • lactase = lactose to glucose and galactose
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4
Q

why are enzymes immobilised?

A
  • used repeatedly
  • remains easy to separate substrate and products
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5
Q

state 2 disadvantages of immobilising enzymes

A
  • slow reaction
  • expensive to set up
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6
Q

state 4 methods of immobilisation

A
  • adsorption
  • covalent bonding
  • entrapment
  • membrane separation
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7
Q

describe adsorption

A
  • bound to clay, resins or glass beads by non covalent forces
  • high rate of reaction
  • risk of leakage as weakly bound
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8
Q

describe covalent bonding

A
  • covalently linked to an insoluble substance
  • very little leakage
  • only small amount can be immobilised
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9
Q

describe entrapment

A
  • trapped in a gel or network of fibres
  • active sites are accessible
  • slow reaction as substrates have to diffuse
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10
Q

describe membrane separation

A
  • physically separated from substrated by pp membrane
  • active sites are accessible
  • rate depends on diffusion of substrate and products
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