immigration

Question 1

what were the push factors for immigration?

Answer 1

• persecution in old country
  ex: irish potato famine, russian massacre of jews
• overpopulation in old country
  ex: no jobs

Question 2

pull factors of immigration?

Answer 2

-economic conditions in US
   need workers 
   owning land 
-immigrant letters 
   wrote home to families to convince them to come 
   image of america was free

Question 3

old immigration

Answer 3

northern and western europe

Question 4

new immigration

Answer 4

southern and eastern europe

Question 5

why did people want to come to america?

Answer 5

to escape religious, political, or social persecution

new opportunities - jobs and owning land

Question 6

what countries were apart of the old immigration

Answer 6

ireland, germany, england, france

Question 7

what countries were apart of the new immigration

Answer 7

italy, poland, russia, hungary

Question 8

where did the new immigration people arrive?

Answer 8

ellis island

Question 9

where did people in china and japan come into

Answer 9

angel island

Question 10

what is steerage

Answer 10

the large open area beneath ship’s deck

Question 11

explain what it was like to be in steerage

Answer 11

no privacy, dirty, poor food, tickets were cheap!!

Question 12

arrival to ellis island?

Answer 12

• physical exam
• incurable people sent back to homeland
• literacy exam

Question 13

area where one ethnic or racial group dominates

Answer 13

ghetto

Question 14

where did many immigrants settle

Answer 14

where ethnic communities were already established

Question 15

what was established on the east coast

Answer 15

big cities,

buffalo, toledo, chicago, cleveland

Question 16

examples of ghettos

Answer 16

chinatown, little italy

Question 17

what did the nativist movement believe in?

Answer 17

they were anti - foreigners
wanted to preserve American identity (racial superiority)
believed in manifest destiny

Question 18

idea that the US has to expand democracy and american way of life

Answer 18

manifest destiny

Question 19

how many Chinese immigrants came

Answer 19

25 million

Question 20

how did chinese face coming to america?

Answer 20

• people first admired for work ethic, then turned into competition
• helped to build transcontinental railroad
• americans fought hard to exclude them, not worthy of being Americans

Question 21

laws of the Chinese exclusion act

Answer 21

• prevented Chinese laborers from entering country
• funded by Gompers
• made permanent in 1892 and 1902
• not repealed until 1943

Question 22

what did president theodore roosevelt make with japan’s government

Answer 22

Gentlemen’s Agreement 1907

Question 23

called for San Francisco to end school policy and for Japan to stop issuing passports to laborers

Answer 23

gentlemen’s agreement

Question 24

immigration restriction league

Answer 24

• anti - catholics and europeans

- wanted stricter literacy tests

Question 25

what did the immigration restriction leagues want with the literacy tests and what happened with them?

Answer 25

they wanted the people to be able to read and write in english and it was vetoed by 3 presidents

Question 26

a metaphor used to describe the melting together of different ethnicities to become one new community

Answer 26

melting pot

Question 27

tossed salad

Answer 27

different cultures mix, but stay the same

Question 28

low - cost apartment buildings designed to house many families as an owner could pack in

Answer 28

tenements

Question 29

slums??

Answer 29

dirty and run down tenements

Question 30

the great chicago fire?

Answer 30

18,000 buildings burned

Question 31

what was the 1879 New York law

Answer 31

required every room to have a outside window

Question 32

each building narrowed in the middle and gaps on either side formed air shafts

Answer 32

dumbbell tenement

Question 33

what did the 1901 NYC law require

Answer 33

required hallway bathrooms replace backyard outhouses

Question 34

jacob riis

Answer 34

- immigrated from denmark - photographer of tenements - hoped to spark reform from pictures

Question 35

the social gospel movement??

Answer 35

tried to apply the teachings of Jesus directly to society focused on gospel ideas instead of blaming immigrants, focused on drinking and gambling problems

Question 36

jane addams

Answer 36

chicago Hull House

Question 37

community center??

Answer 37

in middle of poor neighborhoods offering social services

Question 38

who was lewis hine and what did he do

Answer 38

he was a photographer seeking labor reform and he photographed child laborers in horrible conditions