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U.S History I > immigration > Flashcards

immigration Flashcards

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1
Q

what were the push factors for immigration?

A
  • persecution in old country
    ex: irish potato famine, russian massacre of jews
  • overpopulation in old country
    ex: no jobs
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2
Q

pull factors of immigration?

A 
-economic conditions in US
   need workers 
   owning land 
-immigrant letters 
   wrote home to families to convince them to come 
   image of america was free
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3
Q

old immigration

A

northern and western europe

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4
Q

new immigration

A

southern and eastern europe

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5
Q

why did people want to come to america?

A

to escape religious, political, or social persecution

new opportunities - jobs and owning land

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6
Q

what countries were apart of the old immigration

A

ireland, germany, england, france

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7
Q

what countries were apart of the new immigration

A

italy, poland, russia, hungary

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8
Q

where did the new immigration people arrive?

A

ellis island

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9
Q

where did people in china and japan come into

A

angel island

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10
Q

what is steerage

A

the large open area beneath ship’s deck

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11
Q

explain what it was like to be in steerage

A

no privacy, dirty, poor food, tickets were cheap!!

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12
Q

arrival to ellis island?

A
  • physical exam
  • incurable people sent back to homeland
  • literacy exam
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13
Q

area where one ethnic or racial group dominates

A

ghetto

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14
Q

where did many immigrants settle

A

where ethnic communities were already established

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15
Q

what was established on the east coast

A

big cities,

buffalo, toledo, chicago, cleveland

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16
Q

examples of ghettos

A

chinatown, little italy

17
Q

what did the nativist movement believe in?

A

they were anti - foreigners
wanted to preserve American identity (racial superiority)
believed in manifest destiny

18
Q

idea that the US has to expand democracy and american way of life

A

manifest destiny

19
Q

how many Chinese immigrants came

A

25 million

20
Q

how did chinese face coming to america?

A
  • people first admired for work ethic, then turned into competition
  • helped to build transcontinental railroad
  • americans fought hard to exclude them, not worthy of being Americans
21
Q

laws of the Chinese exclusion act

A
  • prevented Chinese laborers from entering country
  • funded by Gompers
  • made permanent in 1892 and 1902
  • not repealed until 1943
22
Q

what did president theodore roosevelt make with japan’s government

A

Gentlemen’s Agreement 1907

23
Q

called for San Francisco to end school policy and for Japan to stop issuing passports to laborers

A

gentlemen’s agreement

24
Q

immigration restriction league

A
  • anti - catholics and europeans

- wanted stricter literacy tests

25
Q

what did the immigration restriction leagues want with the literacy tests and what happened with them?

A

they wanted the people to be able to read and write in english and it was vetoed by 3 presidents

26
Q

a metaphor used to describe the melting together of different ethnicities to become one new community

A

melting pot

27
Q

tossed salad

A

different cultures mix, but stay the same

28
Q

low - cost apartment buildings designed to house many families as an owner could pack in

A

tenements

29
Q

slums??

A

dirty and run down tenements

30
Q

the great chicago fire?

A

18,000 buildings burned

31
Q

what was the 1879 New York law

A

required every room to have a outside window

32
Q

each building narrowed in the middle and gaps on either side formed air shafts

A

dumbbell tenement

33
Q

what did the 1901 NYC law require

A

required hallway bathrooms replace backyard outhouses

34
Q

jacob riis

A
  • immigrated from denmark
  • photographer of tenements
  • hoped to spark reform from pictures
35
Q

the social gospel movement??

A

tried to apply the teachings of Jesus directly to society
focused on gospel ideas
instead of blaming immigrants, focused on drinking and gambling problems

36
Q

jane addams

A

chicago Hull House

37
Q

community center??

A

in middle of poor neighborhoods offering social services

38
Q

who was lewis hine and what did he do

A

he was a photographer seeking labor reform and he photographed child laborers in horrible conditions

U.S History I (8 decks)

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