Imm 5 - Immunization And Autoantibodies

Question 1

What is passive immunity?

Answer 1

Give preformed antibodies. This give immediate immunity.

Question 2

What is the Ab that can be given to neonates to protect against RSV?

Answer 2

Palivizumab.

Question 3

What type of immunity offers the live vaccine vs the inactivated vaccine?

Answer 3

Live vaccine leads to cellular immunity, creating memory T cells. Inactivated vaccine leads to humoral immunity.

Question 4

What is Active immunity?

Answer 4

Exposure to foreign antigens. Takes time to develop.

Question 5

What is Live vaccine and what are examples of it?

Answer 5

Gives a weakened live virus, creating cellular immunity and memory T cells. Examples are MMR, Sabin polio vaccine (the oral polio vaccine), Varicella, Smallpox, Yellow fever, and Intranasal influenza vaccine.

Question 6

What is Inactivated (killed) virus vaccine and what are examples of it?

Answer 6

Creates humoral immunity. Examples are intramuscular influenza vaccine, Hepatitis A, Rabies, Salk polio vaccine (The injected polio vaccine).

Question 7

What type of immunity is created in bacterial vaccines and live-attenuated bacteria shots?

Answer 7

Humoral immunity.

Question 8

What are the three live virus vaccines that can be given in HIV patients w/ CD4 count above 200?

Answer 8

MMR. Varicella. Yellow fever.

Question 9

What are the Egg-based vaccines?

Answer 9

Influenza vaccine. Yellow fever vaccine. MRR vaccine too but it is such a tiny amount of egg that it doenst matter.

Question 10

What are non-peptide antigens? What is the relationship to immunity?

Answer 10

They are thymus-independent antigens; they cannot be presented on MHC. This means, no T cell response and therefore no immunologic memory. An example is Lipopolysaccharides, the endotoxin found on G(-) bacteria.

Question 11

What is thymus-dependent antigens? What is the relationship to immunity?

Answer 11

They are antigens w/ a peptide component. It allows lasting immunity to be conferred to memory B-cells.

Question 12

What is amyloidosis?

Answer 12

Accumulation of one specific protein in the tissues. This causes beta-pleated sheet sin the tissue, causing it to be thicker and bulkier.

Question 13

What would Cardiac amyloidosis cause?

Answer 13

Thickening of the heart muscles will lead to CHF. May affect the conduction system which will lead to arrhythmias.

Question 14

What would Renal amyloidosis cause?

Answer 14

Nephrotic syndrome. Renal failure.

Question 15

How do we diagnose amyloidosis based on biopsy?

Answer 15

Use Congo red stain: the amyloid tissue will look bright green on polarized light: “apple green birefringement”.

Question 16

In what disease do we see Anti-IgG antibodies?

Answer 16

Rheumatoid arthritis.

Question 17

In what disease do we see Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA)?

Answer 17

Rheumatoid arthritis.

Question 18

In what disease do we see Anti-centromere?

Answer 18

CREST scleroderma.

Question 19

In what disease do we see Anti-Scl-70?

Answer 19

Diffuse scleroderma.

Question 20

In what disease do we see Anti-histone?

Answer 20

Drug-induced lupus.

Question 21

In what disease do we see Antinuclear antibodies (ANA)?

Answer 21

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Question 22

In what disease do we see Anti-Smith autoantibodies?

Answer 22

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Question 23

In what disease do we see Anti-dsDNA?

Answer 23

Lupus nephritis.

Question 24

In what disease do we see Anti-Jo-1?

Answer 24

Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis.

Question 25

In what disease do we see Anti-SSA (anti-Ro)?

Answer 25

Sjogren syndrome.

Question 26

In what disease do we see Anti-SSB (anti-La)?

Answer 26

Sjogren syndrome.

Question 27

In what disease do we see Anti-U1-RNP?

Answer 27

Mixed connective tissue disease.

Question 28

In what disease do we see Anti-desmoglein?

Answer 28

Pemphigus vulgaris.

Question 29

In what disease do we see Anti-acetylcholine receptor?

Answer 29

Myesthenia gravis.

Question 30

In what disease do we see Anti-endomysial (anti-tissue transglutaminase)?

Answer 30

Celiac disease.

Question 31

In what disease do we see Anti-gliadin?

Answer 31

Celiac disease.

Question 32

In what disease do we see Anti-mitochondrial autoantibodies?

Answer 32

Primary biliary cirrhosis.

Question 33

In what disease do we see Anti-smooth muscle autoantibodies?

Answer 33

Autoimmune hepatitis.

Question 34

In what disease do we see Anti-glutamate decarboxylase?

Answer 34

Type 1 diabetes.

Question 35

In what disease do we see Anti-thyrotropin receptor?

Answer 35

Grave's disease.

Question 36

In what disease do we see Anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO)?

Answer 36

Hashimoto thyroiditis.

Question 37

In what disease do we see Anti-thyroglobulin?

Answer 37

Hashimoto thyroiditis, Graves disease.

Question 38

In what disease do we see Anti-basement membrane?

Answer 38

Goodpasture syndrome.

Question 39

In what disease do we see c-ANCA?

Answer 39

Granulomatosis w/ polyangiitis (Wegener's).

Question 40

In what disease do we see p-ANCA?

Answer 40

Pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis. Churg-Strauss syndrome. Microscopic polyangiitis.

Question 41

What autoimmune disease is associated w/ anti-dsNDA antibodies?

Answer 41

Systemic lupus erythematosus.