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Nutrition > Imbalance of Nutrient Intake and the LIFE CYCLE > Flashcards

Imbalance of Nutrient Intake and the LIFE CYCLE Flashcards

1
Q

Examples of over nutrition

A
  • obesity
  • cardiovascular disease
  • hypertension
  • type 2 diabetes
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2
Q

Examples of under nutritoin

A
  • anaemia
  • osteoporosis
  • diverticular disease
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3
Q

Factors that affect overnutrition

A
  • high saturated fat intake
  • high cholesterol
  • high salt consumption
  • lack of exercise
  • age
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4
Q

what is blood cholesterol

A

a fat-like substance linked to the amount of saturated fat in the diet

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5
Q

what are high density lipo-proteins

A
  • good cholesterol

- can carry cholesterol away from arteries for disposal

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6
Q

what are low density lipoproteins

A
  • bad cholesterol

- builds up in arteries

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7
Q

what is hypertension

A

when the heart must continually pump against increased pressure the arteries gradually become less elastic

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8
Q

what is cardiovascular disease

A

when a plague ruptures and a blood clot forms over the ruptured area. results in blockage of blood flow

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9
Q

what are some diet modifications to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease

A
  • eat low fat foods
  • cut back on butter and chocolate
  • eat lean meat
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10
Q

what are likely causes of hypertension

A
  • high salt intake
  • obesity
  • cmoking
  • high fat diet
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11
Q

what is type 2 diabetes

A

the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or something stops the body from using insulin properly

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12
Q

what does glucose do in the body

A

food breaks down into glucose which the body then uses for fuel

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13
Q

what does glucose do in the body

A

food breaks down into glucose which the body then uses for fuel

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14
Q

what does insulin do

A

helps to get the glucose from our blood into our cells

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15
Q

what is a glycaemic index

A

how quickly glucose is absorbed
>10 considered low
<20 considered high

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16
Q

IGNORE

A

multpilying the grams of carbohydrates by the the glyceamic index then dividing by 100

17
Q

list 2 low GI foods

A
  • pasta
  • cereals
  • apples
18
Q

list 2 moderate GI foods

A
  • popcorn
  • bananas
  • wholemeal bread
19
Q

list 2 high GI foods

A
  • white bread
  • white rice
  • potatoes
20
Q

factors that determine an individuals psychological need for food

A
  • age
  • gender
  • body size
  • activity level
21
Q

what precautions should be taken during pregnancy to ensure adequate consumption of nutrients

A
  • higher intake of protein required for growth of placenta, breasts and uterus
  • micronutrients required in extra amounts
  • nutrient intake increases with each trimester of pregnancy and again with lactating mothers
22
Q

what precautions should lactating mothers take

A
  • increase protein and calcium intake

- increase intake of fruit and vegetables

23
Q

what does breastmilk protect babies from

A

protects against infection due to antibodies in the milk

24
Q

describe 3 characteristics of INFANCY (0-1 years)

A

1, fastest growing period of life cycle

  1. should gradually increase solid foods after 6 months
  2. after weaning baby requires extra iron and vitamin C
25
Q

describe 3 characteristics of CHILDHOOD (1-12 years)

A
  1. energy needs are extremely high
  2. low fat produce should not be used
  3. protein, mineral and vitamin requirements increase with age
26
Q

describe 3 characteristics of ADOLESCENCE (13-17 years)

A
  1. skeletal growth - increase calcium
  2. males grow more than females
  3. rapid growing period requiring high energy needs
27
Q

describe 3 characteristics of ADULTHOOD (18-65 years)

A
  1. activity decreases
  2. alcohol, caffeince, salt, sugar and cholesterol levels are all concerns
  3. salt, alcohol and saturated fat intake should be reduced
28
Q

describe 3 characteristics of LATER YEARS (65+)

A
  1. decline in body density
  2. appetite diminishes
  3. GI tract loses strength increasing constipation

Nutrition (6 decks)

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