Imaging of Circulatory Disturbances Flashcards
What are the 3 vascular imaging techniques?
Radionuclide imaging
MRI functional imaging
Ultrasound
What are the ideal properties of a man-made contrast agent?
Differential X Ray attenuation Inert Stable in selected body compartments Painless Easy to use Cheap
What are problems with Iodinated Contrast?
Major reactions Renal dysfunction Disturbance of thyroid metabolism Disturbance of clotting Seizures Pulmonary oedema
What are the side effects of parenteral iodinated contrasts?
Metallic taste
Feeling of warmth
Arterial injections: micturition and discomfort
Rarely nausea
What are the contrindiations for parenteral iodinated contrast?
Previous contrast allergy
Asthma/atopy
Poor renal function
Metformin (a DM drug which can cause renal impairment)
Name some pocedures an interventional radiologist can carry out?
Angiography Embolisation Catheter thrombolysis Drainage of abscesses Nephrostomy Vertebroplasty
When in angioplasty (then stent) indicated?
Short stenoses or occlusions
Sessile/concentric plaques
Name a negative contrast agent
Carbon dioxide
When are negative contrast agents useful?
In patients with poor renal function or sensitivity to iodinated contrast agents
What are possible complications with angioplasty?
Occlusion Dissection Embolisation Rupture Infection
What are the pros and cons of using ultrasound?
No radiation
Quick
Non-invasive
But
Resolution vs penetration
May be more physiological
Operator dependant
What is radionuclide imaging used to investigate?
Perfusion
Blood loss
What are the pros and cons of CT angiogram?
Gives info about other structures
Sensitive
IV injection only
BUT
Radiation
High contrast dose
Expensive
Is CT or MRI more expensive?
CT
Is an MRI scan safe for someone with a pacemaker?
No, it involve high magnetic fields
