Imaging

Question 1

Why is it important to get weights for an echo?

Answer 1

Based off of normalized values

Question 2

LV end diastole, LV end systole

Answer 2

This is how you get EF on echo (MUGA - for EF and chemo drugs for definitive answer)

Question 3

2 different EF numbers on echo?

Answer 3

Go with the highest, greater than 50 is all you need

Question 4

Increased aortic gradient

Answer 4

Sign of aortic stenosis, measure of pressure difference across sides of the valve (should be close to 0)

Question 5

TLC changes?

Answer 5

Increases in emphysema (old pair of underwear)

Decreases in pulmonary fibrosis, chronic bronchitis

Question 6

Spirometry vs PFTs

Answer 6

Most things you can determine with spirometry

PFT - can detect diffusion - just need to do once - not good if very off. Restrictive lung disease.

Question 7

FVC

Answer 7

The amount of air you can blow out after a maximal inhalation - FEV1 is the FVC in one second

Question 8

Volume-flow curve?

Answer 8

For obstructive (asthma, COPD - air out slower, RV and TLC gets bigger, effective is smaller) vs restrictive (fast out, pulmonary fibrosis, everything is SMALL)