HEENT Flashcards
Classic sign of Parotitis?
Gets bigger with eating. Lump, looks like a unilateral mump. Painful eating, try to use lemon to stimulate saliva release. Give Keflex for infection
Avoid Chlorahexadine?
Toxic to eyes and ears.
Sx of Migraine
Unilateral, true photo and phonophobia
Triggered by estrogen, foods, EtOH
Need to avoid OCP
Tx for migraine
Start with Naproxen
Preventative medication - indurol (B-Blocker - long acting and non-specific) - take daily, or PRN tryptans for abortive measures
Botox can help and so can topirmate as third line option
Tension headache sx?
Non-throbbing, band-like, no true aura/photo/phonophobia
Cluster headache sx?
Severe, wakes from sleep, short, nose running, feels like ice cream headache, behind one eye
Tx for cluster headache
Prophylaxis - verapamil
Can also use lithium and topiramate as a second line
To for ICP emergency?
Hyperventilate (reduces cerebral vasodilation and edema) and mannitol - pulls water in vasculature
Signs that are classic: HTN, bradycardia, decreased respiration
Xanthochromic CSF on LP?
Sign of bleeding in CNS - yellow CSF shows the signs of breakdown of hemoglobin
New seizure in adult?
Need to rule out a brain tumour
BPPV vs Labyrinthitis sx?
For labyrinthitis look for reccent hx of viral infection, rapid onset, severe, with associated hearing loss, debilitating can last several days - but is self-limiting usually can give corticosteroids
BBPV - brief, can be associated with movement, not usually hearing deficits, test with the Dix-Halpike, Tx with the Epply
Vestibular neuritis
Results when a viral (or, less commonly, bacterial) infection of the inner ear causes inflammation of the vestibular branch of the eighth cranial nerve.
Acute labyrinthitis
Infection affects both branches of the eighth cranial nerve resulting in tinnitus and/or hearing loss as well as vertigo.
Style vs Chalazion?
Chalazion stays in the middle of the eye, longer lasting, not painful usually - consider biopsy if recurrent
