Imagery

Question 1

Cohen (1996) found that mental rotation was correlated with enhanced activity in brain area ___ in comparison to ___

Answer 1

MT, perceptual comparisons which don’t require mental rotation

Question 2

Kosslyn (1995) asked Pps to imagine 24 different, presented objects on ___ whilst in lying in an fMRI scanner. Activation spread outwards from___towards___as___

Answer 2

Different sizes of paper e.g. A2, A4, the fovea, the periphery, objects were imagined on increasingly larger pieces of paper

Question 3

Tootell (1982) identified retinotopic mapping in macaques’ V1 by presenting___stimuli

Answer 3

Dartboard

Question 4

Kosslyn (1999) used rTMS to___& found that doing so___

Answer 4

Temporarily lesion V1, increased response RTs to both perception and imagery tasks involving stimuli with different numbers of rough vs. smooth lines e.g. “2, 4, numerosity”

Question 5

Howard (1998) found that the posterior fusiform gyrus, otherwise known as ___, and___ were active in___but not in___. Howard (1998) strived to detect colour imagery specific activity by subtracting activity during a baseline imagery task e.g.___ from a colour imagery task e.g.___

Answer 5

V4, V1, colour perception, colour imagery, are the hands on a clock which reads 1:50pm separated by more than 90 degrees?, is a tomato redder than a postbox?

Question 6

What are the two imagery debates?

Answer 6

1) Analogue vs. propositional codes for imagery

2) Are the same brain areas used in perception also used in imagery?

Question 7

Kreiman, Koch & Freid (2000) asked awake epileptic patients undergoing surgery to make face/non-face judgements whilst SURs were taken from___. What was the difference between perception & imagery tasks? What were the findings?

Answer 7

Entorhinal cortex cells, vision task: real images of faces/balls were presented to Pps, imagery task: high/low tones were presented to Pps as cues as to whether a face or ball was to be imagined. 88% of cells which fired during both imagery & perception had identical selectivity. Firing rates were also similar (imagery a little weaker)

Question 8

What does Sparks (1995) conclude from informal interviews about frightening films, media frights and mental imagery?

Answer 8

1) That Pp with more vivid imagery may be less inclined to watch frightening films
2) That fears fed to the public by the media may linger longer in the minds of people with more vivid imagery