IM SC depots

Question 1

IM route advantages

Answer 1

Avoid high peak levels and increase patient compliance
Bypass 1st pass metabolism

Question 2

IM route disadvantages

Answer 2

Pain, redness, swelling
Difficult self-administration

Question 3

SC route advantages and disadvantages

Answer 3

Bypass 1st pass
Few blood vessels
Self administration

Disadvantages: injection site reactions

Question 4

Vaccines given by SC route

Answer 4

Heparin
Insulin
Monoclonal antibodies
Opioid analgesics
Vaccines

Question 5

Drug absorption from fastest to slowest

Answer 5

Aqueous solutions
Aqueous suspensions
Oil solution
Oil-in-water emulsion
Water-in-oil emulsion
Oil suspension
Pellet, implant

Question 6

Fick’s first law

Answer 6

J=D(dC/dt)
Amount/time=JA
Amount/time= ADC/l

J: amount/time/area
L: distance
A: area
D: diffusion coefficient

Question 7

Noyes-Whitney equation

Answer 7

Dw/dt = DS(Cs-Ct)/h

W=amount diffusing
T=time
D=diffusion coefficient
S=surface area

Question 8

Aqueous solution

Answer 8

Must dissolve before diffusion

Question 9

Oil solutions

Answer 9

Must partition before diffusion

Question 10

Precipitation in IM

Answer 10

Precipitation after IM injection can lead to incomplete drug absorption so cosolvents are needed

Question 11

Clearance of oils

Answer 11

Absorption through capillaries
Lymphatic absorption
Phagocytosis
Metabolism

Question 12

Peanut oil and ethyl oleate

Answer 12

Route and volume of injection have no effect on t1/2
Peanut oil has longer t1/2 (2 weeks v. 10 days)

Question 13

Control drug release in injections

Answer 13

Combine control of Cs, SA, and total amount of drug

Question 14

Intravenous injection angle

Answer 14

25

Question 15

Intradermal injection angle

Answer 15

10-15