Illustrated History of LA - 20th Century Flashcards
Significant movements that affected American landscape design
Country Place Era, the City Beautiful Movement, Modernism, Land Art, Environmentalism, Postmodernism and Ecological Design
European-styled houses and gardens—
manors, villas, castles, and chateaux
Beatrix Jones Farrand (1872–1959)
was a founding member of the American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA) and a pioneering woman designer.
Charles A. Platt (1861–1933)
was an architect whose work was informed by a sense of spatial order and visual coherence reminiscent of Italian Renaissance gardens
His book, Italian Gardens (1894), was influential in introducing architectonic spatial relationships to residential design in America
In 1935 Mather hired Ellen Shipman to redesign
Platt’s formal gardens.
Journalist and author Charles Mulford Robinson (1869–1917)
Modern Civic Art, or the City Made Beautiful (1903) helped make the commitment to civic improvement a fashionable cause.
Daniel Burnham’s formal plan for the redesign of Chicago
included radial and diagonal street systems, wide boulevards, and a monumental civic center
McMillan Plan - Washington, DC.
sculptor Augustus Saint Gaudens, and architect Charles McKim, was appointed by the McMillan Commission to enact Pierre L’Enfant’s 1791 plan (McMillan)
Walter Gropius (1883–1969) founded the Bauhaus and was its director from 1925 to 1933
He became the head of the Graduate School of Design at Harvard, in 1933, and brought the International Style to America.
Charles-Edouard Jeanneret (Le Corbusier, 1887–1965)
applied the International Style to residential design
Gabriel Guevrekian (1900–1970)
Guevrekian’s work positioned the garden as a conceptual artistic statement, where plants functioned as abstract masses of color. He explored many of the same ideas in his later work at Villa Noailles (1927). His gardens were often referred to in the press as “cubist” gardens
Fletcher Steele (1885–1971)
was a Boston writer, critic, and landscape designer whose work can be seen as a link between Beaux-Arts formality and modernism. He
Thomas Church (1902–1978)
was a Beaux-Arts trained landscape architect based in California whose practice primarily focused on residential design
The Donnell Garden, completed between 1947 and 1949, in Sonoma, California, is perhaps his most recognizable work.
Garrett Eckbo (1910–2000)
was one of the fi rst landscape designers to rebel against the Beaux-Arts formalism that was still being taught in professional schools
Eckbo used his own backyard to showcase his innovative design solutions, which included screens, trellises, and a fountain, all made from aluminum.
Dan Kiley (1912–2004)
he designed many well-known plazas for banks and private businesses.
