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Materials and Decoration > Illumination and Lighting > Flashcards

Illumination and Lighting Flashcards

1
Q

Daylight. Achieved by using windows, skylights or light shelves.

A

Natural light

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2
Q

Light form electrical source

A

Artificial right

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3
Q

Direct replacement of natural light. Provides uniform level of illumination. Also known as ambient lighting

A

General Lighting

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4
Q

High level of illumination over a small area, with a surrounding area of lower intensity from spill light. Lamps

A

Local Lighting

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5
Q

Intended for the users to perform specific tasks

A

Task Lighting

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6
Q

Reveals, color, texture, and form. Purely aesthetic

A

Accent Lighting

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7
Q

Used to emphasize an object by illuminating with a strong light

A

Highlight

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8
Q

Illuminates something from behind in order to enhance depth. Separates subject from its background

A

Backlight

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9
Q

Light coming from the side

A

Sidelight

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10
Q

Diffused light that produces a little contrast

A

Soft Light

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11
Q

Direct light that produces high contrast

A

Hard Light

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12
Q

Light that provides visual information for safety and comfort

A

Information Lighting

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13
Q

90% to 100% of light directed towards ceiling and upper walls of the room

A

Indirect

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14
Q

60% to 90% directed upwards; 40% to 10%% downwards

A

Semi- indirect

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15
Q

Equal distribution of light upwards and downwards

A

Direct- indirect

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16
Q

60% to 90% of light downwards; 40 to 10% upwards

A

Semi- direct

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17
Q

90% to 100% of light is directed downwards

A

Direct

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18
Q

Light distributed on all sides

A

General

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19
Q

Light source are shielded by a panel parallel to the wall and is attached to the ceiling

A

Cornice Lighting

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20
Q

Light source are shielded by a ledge to distribute light upwards over the ceiling

A

Cove lighting

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21
Q

Light sources are shielded by a panel parallel to the wall and usually across the top of a window . (Curtains)

A

Valance lighting

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22
Q

Various devices for producing light, either by electricity or gas

A

Lamp

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23
Q

Source of artificial light that works by incandescence. An electric lamp in which a filament encased in a bulb is heated to incandescence by an electric current through the lamp base until it emits visible light

A

Incandescent Lamp

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24
Q

Threadlike conductor of an electric lamp that is heated to incandescence by the passage of electric current

A

Filament

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25
Q

The glass housing of a lamp

A

Bulb

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26
Q

Part of a bulb that connects to a lamp holder

A

Lamp base

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27
Q

Standard round shape bulb for general service incandescent lamp

A

A bulb

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28
Q

Flame shaped bulb for low wattage

A

B bulb

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29
Q

Cone shaped bulb for low wattage

A

C bulb

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30
Q

Candle- shaped bulb for low wattage

A

CA bulb

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31
Q

Reflector bulb of blown glass for high intensity discharge lamp

A

R bulb

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32
Q

Parabolic aluminized reflector bulb cast glass for high intensity discharge lamps

A

PAR bulb

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33
Q

Ellipsoidal reflector bulb

A

ER bulb

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34
Q

A bulb having a hemispherical reflective silver bowl

A

A/SB bulb

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35
Q

Globe shaped bulb

A

G bulb

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36
Q

Pear shaped bulb

A

PS bulb

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37
Q

Straight sided bulb

A

S bulb

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38
Q
  • cheaper
  • instant start and restart
  • good color
  • high power
A

Advantages of incandescent lamp

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39
Q
  • low efficacy
  • shorter life
  • produces more heat and light
  • high maintenance
A

Disadvantages of incandescent lamp

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40
Q

Also called quartz. Uses halogen gas cycle to prevent rapid depreciation of the lamp filament and darkening of the transparent envelop.

A

Tungsten- Halogen

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41
Q

A broad- beamed, high intensity bulb. Often used to illuminate outdoor playing fields.

A

Floodlight

42
Q

Double ended and commonly used as security lighting. Should not touch bare skin because the human skin can reduce the life of the bulb

A

J type bulb

43
Q

Low voltage bulb commonly found under counters, desk lamps or accent lighting. Skin contact can also damage the bulb

A

JC type bulb

44
Q

Higher voltage bulb used in under- counter lighting, desk lamps and accent lights

A

JCD type bulb

45
Q

Bulb used in food service industry

A

JDD type bulb

46
Q

Small reflector floodlights that are commonly used in range hoods or as track lighting

A

JDR type bulb

47
Q

Multifaceted reflector bulb for tungsten-halogen lamps. (MR16 bulb) originally for slide projectors but can be seen in retail and residential lighting.

A

MR bulb

48
Q

Cylindrical glass tube sealed at both ends and containing a mixture of an inert gas, usually argon and mercury vapors.

A

Fluorescent Lamp

49
Q

Emission of radiation, especially of visible light, by a substance when exposed to external radiation

A

Fluorescence

50
Q

Known as T-bulb. Standard shape of fluorescent bulb. T12, T8, T5 and T4

A

Standard

51
Q

Does not require a starter, have single pin bases

A

Slim-line

52
Q

Doughnut shaped for circular luminaires

A

Circline

53
Q

U shaped and used for square and rectangular luminaires

A

U-bent

54
Q

Type of lamp designed to fit into roughly the same space as an incandescent lamp, but with the advantages of fluorescent lamp

A

Compact fluorescent lamp

55
Q

Most popular type of fluorescent bulb

A

Spiral

56
Q

Basically an A- shaped bulb

A

Incandescent shaped

57
Q

Meant to be displayed. Such as in bathroom vanity fixture or a pendant light

A

Globe

58
Q

The first CFL bulbs available to consumers

A

Tube

59
Q

Cold cathode fluorescent lamp emitting a glow when a high voltage is applied across two electrodes in a glass filled tube. Used in neon signs

A

Neon vapor lamps

60
Q

Light is produced when a high pressure electric arc is passed through a gas vapor

A

High intensity discharge lamps

61
Q

Type of light that utilizes light- emitting diodes (LEDs). Reduced heat

A

Solid-state lighting

62
Q

Surface for reflecting light heat

A

Reflector

63
Q

Piece of material as lass or plastic having two opposite surfaces either or both of which are curved used in luminaire to focus , disperse, or collimate the emitted light

A

Lens

64
Q

Translucent materials for filtering glare of a light source and distributing the light over an extended period of area

A

Diffuser

65
Q

Grid type of optical assembly used to control light distribution from a fixture

A

Louver

66
Q

Most common type of light fixture offering the greatest variety of designs

A

Suspended ceiling lights

67
Q

Decorative lighting usually having branches supports for lamps

A

Chandelier

68
Q

Lighting fixture that is suspended by a flexible cord by which it can be raised or lowered

A

Droplight

69
Q

Droplight that is fixed and is suspended by a cord, wire, or chains

A

Pendant

70
Q

Mounted light fixture that diffuses light into the room

A

Wall lights

71
Q

Decoative wall bracket

A

Sconce

72
Q

Bathes a wall in an even stream of light usually ceiling mounted, recessed into the ceiling or mounted on a lighting track

A

Wall washers

73
Q

Ceiling mounted light that is not recessed

A

Ceiling lights

74
Q

Provides directional in a downward stream. Normally recessed or semi- recessed

A

Downlights

75
Q

Rectangular light fixture. Designed to accommodate fluorescent lights

A

Troffer lights

76
Q

Fixture that sends light upward

A

Uplights

77
Q

Adjustable luminaire that directs light at a controlled beam

A

Spotlight

78
Q

Freestanding lighting fixture

A

Floor Lamps

79
Q

Decorative lights that gives a soft glow. Can be used as bedside reading lights

A

Table lamps

80
Q

Provides task lighting. Gives concentrated light to a specific area

A

Desk Lamp

81
Q

Rigid flexible tape with exposed low- voltage light sources

A

Strip Lighting

82
Q

Illuminates spaces with high ceilings, usually above 20ft in height. For workshops, factories and assembly lines

A

High bay lights

83
Q

Design for visual impact and provides aesthetic stimulation and amusement

A

Visual Oddities

84
Q

Intensity of light per unit area. Refers to man- made lighting

A

Illumination

85
Q

Essential to provide task lighting giving a concentrated directional light to a specific area

A

Electric illumination

86
Q

Light emanating from the object being viewed

A

Brightness

87
Q

Difference in brightness between an object and its background

A

Contrast

88
Q

Excessive luminance ration in the field of vision

A

Glare

89
Q

Annoying brightness

A

Direct glare

90
Q

More serious and difficult to control.

A

Indirect glare

91
Q

Luminous flux per unit area

A

Quantity of light

92
Q

Distribution of brightness in the lighting installation

A

Quality of light

93
Q

Method which light is measured in english system

A

Footcandle

94
Q

Method which light is measured in metric system

A

Lux

95
Q

Measure of the total quantity of visible light emitted by a source. Unit of luminous flux

A

Lumen

96
Q

Amount of energy it takes to produce a certain amount of light. Higher wattage, the brighter the light but also the more power it uses.

A

Watts

97
Q

Measured in degrees of K (kelvin)

A

Color Temperature

98
Q

2000K- 3000K

A

Warm white

99
Q

3100K-4500K

A

Cool white

100
Q

4600K- 6500K

A

Daylight

Materials and Decoration (8 decks)

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