Illness script - week 7

Question 1

Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)

Non-cancerous enlargement of _____ _____; __% of males over 60 years old will experience a degree of BPH

Treatment is only advised when it becomes _____

Answer 1

benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)

Non-cancerous enlargement of prostate gland; 80% of males over 60 years old will experience a degree of BPH

Treatment is only advised when it becomes symptomatic

Question 2

Symptoms of BPH

1) Frequent _____ without full _____
2) _____
3) _____ and _____ of urin

Answer 2

symptoms of bph

1) Frequent urination without full emptying
2) Nocturia
3) Leaking and dribbling of urine

Question 3

Diagnosing bph

1) _____ _____ _____
2) _____ _____ _____
3) _____-_____ _____ blood test:

Answer 3

diagnosing bph

1) Urine flow study
2) Digital rectal exam
3) Prostate-specific antigen blood test: <4.0 ng/ml considered normal

Question 4

treating bph

1) alpha-blockers: _____, _____ and _____
2) 5alpha-_____ _____
3) _____ and _____
4) _____ _____ _____ of _____ (TURP)

Answer 4

treating bph

1) alpha-blockers: terazosin, tamsulosin and alfuzosin
2) 5alpha-reductase inhibitors
3) Finasteride and dutasteride
4) Trans urethral resection of prostate (TURP)

Question 5

prostate cancer

3rd most common cause of _____; 1 in __ men diagnosed by __ years old (__% men are over __ yrs)

Answer 5

prostate cancer

3rd most common cause of death; 1 in 7 men diagnosed by 85 years old (63% men are over 65 yrs)

Question 6

Early stages of prostate cancer

Frequent or difficult to pass _____, _____ or _____ urine flow or strain to empty bladder

Urge to urinate at _____ and _____

Answer 6

early stages of prostate cancer

Frequent or difficulty to pass urine, weak or interrupted urine flow or strain to empty bladder

Urge to urinate at night and incontinence

Question 7

Advanced prostate cancer

1) _____ in urine
2) Pain during _____
3) Lower _____ and ____ pain
4) New onset of _____ _____

Answer 7

Advanced prostate cancer

1) Blood in urine
2) Pain during urination
3) Lower back and pelvis pain
4) New onset of erectile dysfunction

Question 8

Stage IV D1: prostate cancer has spread to _____, _____ _____ or surrounding organs, but not further

Stage IV D2: spread to more distant _____, it is still treatable but harder to cure

Answer 8

Stage IV D1: prostate cancer has spread to pelvis, lymph nodes or surrounding organs, but not further

Stage IV D2: spread to more distant organs, it is still treatable but harder to cure

Question 9

Diagnosing prostate cancer

1) _____-_____ _____
2) ______ _____ _____
3) _____: only way to confirm diagnosis
4) _____ scan
5) _____ or _____

Answer 9

diagnosing prostate cancer

1) Prostate-specific antigen
2) Digital rectal exam
3) Biopsy: only way to confirm diagnosis
4) Bone scan
5) CT or MRI

Question 10

Treating prostate cancer

1) _____ _____
2) _____ _____
3) _____ with _____ therapy
4) _____ or _____ therapy

Answer 10

treating prostate cancer

1) radical prostatectomy
2) Active monitoring
3) Radiotherapy with hormonal therapy
4) Chemotherapy or biological therapy

Question 11

Endometriosis

_____-_____ _____ _____ _____ that affects the pelvic tissues and ovaries

Answer 11

Endometriosis

Oestrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory syndrome that affects the pelvic tissues and ovaries

Question 12

Endometriosis

Advanced cases can implant over sites such as _____

Most common cause of pelvic pain is linked to _____ in women (__-__%) and long term infertility

Answer 12

Endometriosis

Advanced cases can implant to over sites such as bladder

Most common cause of pelvic pain is linked to menses in women (6-10%) and long term infertility

Question 13

Endometriosis

still unclear on the but the _____ _____ _____ gaining acceptance

_____ _____ _____: Due to _____ flow of sloughed endometrial cell/debris

Answer 13

Endometriosis

still unclear on the cause but the retrograde menstruation theory gaining acceptance

Retrograde menstruation theory: due to retrograde flow of sloughed endometrial cell/debris

Question 14

Sign and symptoms of Endometriosis

1) Pain in the lower _____, _____, posterior _____ and lower _____
2) Begins __-__ days before menses and lasts __ days
3) Pain can be _____ and _____ by voiding bowel movements

Answer 14

Sign and symptoms of Endometriosis

1) Pain in the lower abdomen, vagina, posterior pelvis and lower back
2) Begins 5-7 days before menses and lasts 3 days
3) pain can be severe and exacerbating by voiding bowel movements

Question 15

Treating Endometriosis

Depending on severity of the symptoms, age and desire to _____ _____

NSAIDs usually given to manage pain, _____ _____ to suppress ovulatory menses and _____ production

Answer 15

Treating Endometriosis

Depending of severity of the symptoms, age and desire to restore fertility

NSAIDs usually given to manage pain, hormonal agents to suppress ovulatory menses and eostrogen production

Question 16

surgical Endometriosis

Revomal of Endometriosis to promote _____; older women total _____ _____ with removal of _____ and _____

Answer 16

surigical Endometriosis

Removal of Endometriosis to promote fertility; older women total abdominal hysterectomy with removal of oviducts and ovaries

Question 17

diagnosing Endometriosis

1) _____ _____ _____
2) _____ _____
3) _____ _____
4) _____
5) _____

Answer 17

diagnosing Endometriosis

1) Full blood count
2) Pelvic culture
3) Urine analysis
4) Ultrasound
5) MRI

Question 18

Ovarian cancer

For both benign and malignant, they can orginate from _____(__%), _____ (__-__%), _____ (__-__%)

Answer 18

Ovarian cancer

For both benign and malignant, they can originate from epithelial (90%), stromal (5-6%), or germ (2-3%)

Question 19

Ovarian cancer

Life time risk is 1 in __ and the chances of dying from it are 1 in __

Due to the location, it is rarely found early, only __% of cases are found in still _____ __

Answer 19

Ovarian cancer

Life time risk is 1 in 75 and the chances of dying from it are 1 in 100

Due to the location it is rarely found early; only 15% of cases are found in still stage 1

Question 20

Ovarian cancer

_____, _____ inflammatory disease and _____: increase the risk of cancer

Giving _____, _____ _____, _____ based _____ and oral _____: decrease the risk of cancer

Answer 20

Ovarian cancer

Obesity, pelvic inflammatory disease and endometriosis: increase the risk of cancer

Giving birth, breast feeding, vegetable based diet and oral contraceptives: decrease the risk of cancer

Question 21

sign and symptoms of Ovarian cancer

1) Abdominal _____
2) abdominal _____
3) abdominal or _____ _____ and _____
4) loss of _____
5) _____ _____ of ovarian cancer

Answer 21

sign and symptoms of Ovarian cancer

1) abdominal mass
2) abdominal distension
3) abdominal or pelvic pain and bloating
4) loss of appetite
5) family history of ovarian cancer

Question 22

diagnosing Ovarian cancer

1) Blood test: _____ common _____ marker
2) _____, _____ scan, _____ scan, _____
3) _____: only way to confirm

Answer 22

diagnosing Ovarian cancer

1) Blood test: CA125 common tumour maker
2) Ultrasound, CT scan, PET scan, colonocopy
3) Biopsy: only way to confirm

Question 23

treating Ovarian cancer

1) _____: removing the _____
2) _____

Answer 23

treating Ovarian cancer

1) Surgery: removing the tumour
2) Chemotherapy

Question 24

Cervical cancer

Link between Cervical cancer and _____ _____ _____

Answer 24

Cervical cancer

Link between Cervical cancer and human papilloma virus

Question 25

Cervical cancer

Pre-invasive Cervical cancer has no _____ and be present for up to __ years before invasive Cervical cancer develops

Answer 25

Cervical cancer

Pre-invasive Cervical cancer has no symptoms and be present for up to 10 years before invasive Cervical cancer develops

Question 26

Cervical cancer

Once invasive cancer starts (__% _____ _____ ____) patients may present with abnormal _____ _____ or _____ and _____ after sex

Answer 26

Cervical cancer

Once invasive cancer starts (95% squamous cell carcinoma) patients may present with abnormal vaginal bleeding or pain and bleeding after sex

Question 27

Etopic pregnancy

Patients presenting with severe _____ pain (__-__% of pregnancies) this is a _____ _____

Answer 27

Etopic pregnancy

Patients presenting with severe abdominal pain (1-2% of pregnancies) this is a medical emergency

Question 28

Etopic pregnancy

Wavelike severe pain in _____, _____, _____ or _____

Answer 28

Etopic pregnancy

Wavelike severe pain in abdomen, pelvis, shoulder or neck

Question 29

sign and symptoms Etopic pregnancy

1) light to heavy vaginal _____ or _____
2) _____
3) _____ or _____
4) _____ pressure

Answer 29

sign and symptoms Etopic pregnancy

1) Light to heavy vaginal spotting or bleeding
2) Nausea
3) Dizziness or fainting
4) Rectal pressure