Ideologies & Revolution Flashcards
This political organization was used by Metternich to oppose liberalism and nationalism in Central Europe.
the German Confederation
The settlements reached at this meeting established a balance of power, recognized the neutrality of Switzerland, united Sweden with Norway and Belgium with the Netherlands.
the Congress of Vienna
Metternich and the Quadruple Alliance formed the backbone of this loose forum who worked to achieve consensus, maintain the status quo and a general peace until the 1850s.
the Concert of Europe
This agreement reasserted royal legitimacy and stability and rejected republicanism.
the Congress of Vienna
This ultra-conservative arrangement, proposed by Tsar Alexander I, was a throwback to the Middle Ages but had little influence outside eastern Europe.
the Holy Alliance
This “ism” promoted “the greatest happiness for the greatest number.”
utilitarianism
This “ism” strongly advocated written constitutions, limited suffrage, religious toleration, laissez-faire economics and was favored especially by the middle class.
liberalism
This “ism” was advocated by Herder, who believed every group of people’s culture had value.
nationalism
This “ism” rejected the rationalism of the Enlightenment and emphasized emotion over reason.
Romanticism
This was the most radical response to the Industrial Revolution because it advocated violent revolution.
Marxism
This monumental British law increased the voting power of the middle classes.
Great Reform Act of 1832
This law prohibited the employment of children under the age of nine.
Factory Act of 1833
This group advocated universal suffrage for men.
the Chartists
These laws were repealed in 1846 partly due to the Irish Potato Famine.
Corn Laws
This group of people opposed the repeal of the Corn Laws.
wealthy landowners
This country escaped the revolutions of 1848.
England, Sweden or Russia
This country experienced the greatest degree of political instability in the 19th century.
France
This was established in France in 1848 but was gone by 1852 because of ideological divisions and a fear of renewed disorder.
Second French Republic
This newly-created body oversaw the 1848 Revolution in the German Confederation seeking to unify Germany under Prussian leadership.
Frankfurt Parliament
This leader nearly succeeded in winning Hungary’s independence from Austria.
Lajos Kossuth
This person was the most well known British conservative.
Edmund Burke
This English Romantic poet was most well known for his Lyrical Ballads which he wrote with Samuel Taylor Coleridge.
William Wordsworth
These authors of the Communist Manifesto asserted that capitalism was a necessary stage of economic and social development.
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
This group of people made up a secret Italian revolutionary society.
Carbonari
This man became the “King of the French people” in 1830 but was overthrown in 1848, triggering revolutions all over Europe.
Louis-Philippe
This 18th-century Enlightenment economist was championed by liberals and business owners for his belief in laissez faire.
Adam Smith
This German thinker is seen as the “father” of communism.
Karl Marx
This movement advocated economic and social planning.
utopian socialism
This free-trade zone developed in the German Confederation and played a major role in laying the groundwork for future German political unity.
Zollverein
This co-author of the Communist Manifesto lashed out at the middle classes in his The Condition of the Working Class in England (1844).
Friedrich Engels
