Ideologies - Autocracy,Dictatorship, and Totalitarianism

Question 1

How long was Russia governed as an autocratic government?

Answer 1

1855-1917

Question 2

Define autocracy?

Answer 2

A system of government in which one person has total power

Question 3

What slogan did Nicholas II use to promote Tsarism?

Answer 3

orthodoxy, autocracy, and nationality

Question 4

When did Alexander II implement harsh autocracy?

Answer 4

after there was an attempt to kill him

Question 5

What did Nicholas II introduce that preserved autocracy?

Answer 5

Fundamental Laws 1906

Question 6

How did Alexander II, III and Nicholas II bring autocracy to Russia?

Answer 6

Alexander II - Strong of reforms
Alexander III - a Repressive form of autocracy
Nicholas II - Fundamental laws

Question 7

Who were the People’s will?

Answer 7

terrorist group upset by Alexander’s II refusal to continue with his reform programme

Question 8

Define capitalist economy?

Answer 8

an economy based on making as much profit as possible from commercial activity

Question 9

What did Marx believe in terms of superstructure?

Answer 9

the foundation or base of society was maintained and established by a ruling elite

Question 10

What Theory did Marx adopt in terms of labour?

Answer 10

Labour theory of value - under a capitalist economy the proletariat would never gain the full value of their efforts

Question 11

What was the dictatorship of the Proletariat?

Answer 11

theory when workers controlled political power

Question 12

What was the government based on after the civil war?

What was is based on from 1927-1953?

Answer 12

Marxism-Leninism

Marxism-Leninism-Stalism

Question 13

Who was Trotsky?

Answer 13

revolutionary - best known for securing Bolshevik during Russian civil war

Question 14

What were the 2 types of Marxism-Leninism-Stalinism?

Answer 14

1 - society could only be changed with 5-year plan

2 - society could only be personalised under one person

Question 15

Who were the Council of Ministers under Stalin?

Answer 15

Senior politicians who drafted domestic policies

Question 16

Who was the central committee under Stalin?

Answer 16

decision-making group within the communist party

Question 17

Who became Stalin’s 4 rivals after he died in 1953?

Answer 17

Malenkov- Chairman of council of ministers
Beria - Minister of Internal affairs
Khrushchev
Voroshilov - President of USSR

Question 18

What was collective leadership?

Answer 18

rule by a group where responsibilities were shared out

Question 19

What 2 criticisms did Khrushchev give Stalin in his speech of ‘The cult of the Individual and it’s consequences’?

Answer 19

1 - He never been accepted by Lenin as a potential leader

2 - He committed a range of unforgivable crimes against the people

Question 20

Who were the anti-party opposed to?

Answer 20

Khrushchev

Question 21

What were 2 features of de-stalinisation?

Answer 21

the release of political prisoners from labour camps

relaxation of censorship

Question 22

What was 1 reaction Russians had to de-stalinisation?

Answer 22

Many riots and protests for greater freedom