Education Flashcards
What were primary schools originally like under Alexander II?
run by the church and wealthy citizens paid for their kids to attend
What curriculum are primary schools based on under Alex II?
three R’s Reading, writing and arithmetic
What was education like under Alex II?
people were poorly educated and illiterate
How much of the army could write/read in 1860?
only 7%
What major educational reform did Alex II introduce?
he placed the responsibility of schools under school boards which were run by the Zemstva
What did this reform of Alexander II do?
it meant that more schools were introduced in more isolated areas
Who was Dimitri Tolstoy?
Minister of Education under Alexander II
What reform did Tolstoy introduce in 1877?
appointment of teachers became central and school checks became regular
What did the Duma announce under Nicholas II?
plan for universal primary education
Why did the universal primary education under Nicholas II not happen?
the WWI and 1917 put a stop to it
