Developments in Central Administration

Question 1

How long did central government stay?

Answer 1

1855-1905

Question 2

When did pressure for change begin?

Answer 2

during the Russo-Japanese war

Question 3

What was Bloody Sunday?

Answer 3

Jan 1905 demonstrators marched on the Winter Palace

Question 4

What was the Central government institutions from 1855-1905? (6)

Answer 4

Tsar 
Council of Ministers
Senate
Personal Chancellery of his Imperial Majesty 
Imperial council of state 
Committee of Ministers

Question 5

When was the committee of ministers set up?

Answer 5

1861

Question 6

What were the 4 main ministerial posts?

Answer 6

Minister of: 
War
Interior
Finance
Religious affairs

Question 7

How did Nicholas II respond to 1905 events?

Answer 7

released the October Manifesto

Question 8

What is the October Manifesto?

Answer 8

Nicholas II’s new form of elective government revolved around the Duma

Question 9

What was the new form of government in 1905?

Answer 9

Tsar
Council of ministers
State council
Duma
Senate

Question 10

When was the 1st Duma introduced? Why was it dissolved?

Answer 10

1906

Nicholas thought the actions were illegal

Question 11

When was the 2nd Duma introduced and why was it disbanded? - What was it’s composition like?

Answer 11

Feb-Jun 1907
Tsar proclaimed them subversive and dissolved it
- less Kadets and Labourists and more Social democrats and Octobrists

Question 12

When was the 3rd Duma introduced? What was it’s composition like?

Answer 12

Nov 1907 - Jun 1912

it consisted more of people loyal to the crown like wealthy property owners

Question 13

Who were the Kadets and Labourists?

Answer 13

Kadets - constitutional democrats a liberal political group

Labourists - Those who were specifically interested in improving working conditions

Question 14

When was the 4th Duma? - Who was it dominated by? What was it infamous for?

Answer 14

Nov 1912 - Feb 1917
dominated by politicians far right
Infamous for putting pressure on the tsar to abdicate

Question 15

When and what was the Progressive Bloc?

Answer 15

group within 4th Duma who challenged Nicholas II

Question 16

What interrupted 4th Duma to progress?

Answer 16

outbreak of the 1st WW

Question 17

2 reasons why Prov. Gov. struggled with opponents?

Answer 17

many wanted short-term government

Bolsheviks were successful in using propaganda to appeal for support peasants

Question 18

When did Bolsheviks introduce new constitution?

Answer 18

July 1918

Question 19

Major reasons for outbreak of civil war?

Answer 19

resistance throughout empire

Question 20

What 2 decrees did Bolsheviks bring in?

Answer 20

decree on land and peace

Question 21

3 tiers of Bolsheviks government?

Answer 21

All-Russian Congress of Soviets and central executive committee
Council of People’s Commissars
Cheka

Question 22

What were the central executive committee responsible for?

Answer 22

administration and operation of three political offices:
Politburo
Orgburo
Ogburo

Question 23

Who were the Politburo?

Answer 23

responsible for formulating policy

Question 24

What was the Orgburo/Ogburo responsible for?

Answer 24

Orgburo - organised party affairs

Ogburo - maintaining order and dealing with opposition

Question 25

How did Stalin maintain democratic centralism?

Answer 25

implementation of his economic policies and dealing with internal enemies

Question 26

What was the structure of USSR after 1936?

Answer 26

Supreme Soviet of USSR

Soviet of the Union and Soviet of Nationalities

Question 27

When did the Supreme Soviet meet?

Answer 27

twice every year