IDD/LearningD Flashcards
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is associated with: (5x)
FACIAL DYSMORPHISMS, POSTNATAL GROWTH RETARDATION, INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION AND LEARNING DIFFICULTIES.
Child w IQ of 68 will likely have adjustment issues and struggles w which developmental stage?
ADOLESCENCE
Most common genetic abnormality leading to intellectual disability
DOWN’S SYNDROME
4 y/o girl developed normally in the 1st 18 months of life, but afterwards developed decelerated head growth, loss of purposeful hand movements, midline upper extremity stereotypies (e.g. hand-wringing), severe psychomotor retardation and social withdrawal:
RETT DISORDER
Person w/ MR who achieves 1st grade education fits which diagnostic classification?
MODERATE MENTAL RETARDATION
6 y/o child in 1st grade is doing very poorly. WISC-R IQ score is 60. Compared with other children his age he has sig. impairment in social skill, dressing, language, and feeding. What is the Dx?
MILD MENTAL RETARDATION
Medications for Tx of aggression in an individual w/ MR
LITHIUM, THIORIDAZINE, HALDOL, PROPANOLOL (NOT CLONAZEPAM)
10 y/o IQ 69. Findings that would confirm Dx of MR?
DEFICITS IN SELF-CARE AND SOCIAL SKILLS
The non-genetic cause of mental retardation in the US is:
FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME
A child with mod-sev mental retardation wakes frequently at night, claps at inappropriate times, and has bouts of paroxysmal laughter. Syndrome?
ANGELMAN’S SYNDROME
4 y/o child is brought in for an evaluation. The child iis demonstrating developmental delays, foraging for food, and having many temper tantrums. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
PRADER-WILLI SYNDROME
An individual with a full scale IQ of 65 could be expected to plateau at what level of academic functioning?
6TH GRADE
17 y/o pt with IQ 65 and commensurate deficiencies in activities of daily living, communication, and motor skills can be expected to function on which academic level?
SIXTH GRADE
10 y/o child learned to clean his room without being asked. The parents achieved this by reinforcing this behavior with a one-dollar bill every third time the child cleaned the room without being asked. This type of reinforcement schedule is known as: (4x)
FIXED-RATIO
30 y/o morbidly obese pt refuses to change eating and exercise habits, “I’ll worry about my health when I am 65.” One month later his father, also obese, dies of a myocardial infarction. The now obvious disparity between pt’s current behavior and knowledge of the circumstances surrounding his father’s death is an example of which learning theory process? (x2)
COGNITIVE DISSONANCE
Learning from consequences of one’s actions (2x)
OPERANT CONDITIONING
Example of learned helplessness is a child who stops all attempts to improve after being punished for failing or failing no matter how hard the child tries? (2x)
FAILING NO MATTER HOW HARD THE CHILD TRIES.
22 y/o experiences a earthquake (7.0) during a seminar. In the months that follow he develops fearful reaction to sudden or loud noises. Pt avoids classes in the same building that the seminar was in. What is the mechanism of the behavior? (2x)
AVERSIVE CONDITIONING
Child who fears bike riding becomes less fearful after watching other children having fun while bike riding. Which learning principle? (2x)
IMPRINTING
What learning pattern is demonstrated by a patient (w/ panic disorder a/w public places) leaving an area when panic attack begins, and experiencing cessation of sx (2x)?
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT
To be eligible for special ed, must have?
DOCUMENTED DISABILITY
Reinforcing behavior w reward every third time a behavior is done is called:
FIXED RATIO
Cognitive-behavioral explanation of trichotillomania suggests hair pulling reduces an uncomfortable tension that the child is experiencing. What is this an example of?
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT
The evolution of addiction from an impulsive to a compulsive act is characterized by the increasing importance of which of the following factors?
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT
To define learning disability, look for discrepancy between:
INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL AND PERFORMANCE
Worsening temper tantrums in 3 y/o. First occurred in grocery store and child was quieted with candy. The tantrums would occur at home and would escalate until given candy. Psychiatrist tells parents not to give candy during a tantrum under any circumstances. Outcome?
TANTRUMS WILL INCREASE THEN DECREASE
The most common learning disability found in school-age children
READING DISORDER
What is most common learning/communication D/O in kids receiving special ed?
READING DISORDER
A 4th grade child is falling behind peers. Child has IQ of 92, but lower than expected scores on achieve tests and adaptive functioning. Teacher reports child voices understanding of material, but struggles with homework, what is child’s diagnosis?
LEARNING DISABILITY
A medical student takes amphetamines to stay awake while studying for an exam. When she takes the exam without any medication, she finds that she has much greater difficulty than usual remembering the material. What is this an example of?
STATE-DEPENDENT LEARNING
Which of the following is an example of semantic memory in a child?
REMEMBERING THAT THE TOWN PARADE OCCURS EVERY JULY 4TH
Imitating one’s valued mentor while performing psychotherapy is an example of what type of learning?
SOCIAL LEARNING
Form of learned fear in which a person or an animal learns to respond more strongly to an otherwise innocuous stimulus is:
SENSITIZATION
A child practices violin to prevent parents nagging, what does this describe?
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT
A mother gives an 8 y/o a “time out” for five min in the bedroom because of his misbehavior. This is an example of what behavioral technique?
PUNISHMENT
The most common deficit underlying reading disorder in English-speaking children is deficit in:
PHONOLOGICAL FUNCTIONING
In learning theory, the presentation of an aversive stimulus that is contingent upon the occurrence of a particular response is known as:
PUNISHMENT
Child who fears bike riding becomes less fearful after watching other children having fun while bike riding. Which learning principle?
MODELING
The operant procedure in which a desirable behavior pattern is learned by the successive reinforcement of approximations to that behavior is called:
SHAPING
Pt receives $20 for negative drug test, but locked out of reward after a positive test until 3 negative tests, this is an example of which behavioral technique?
CONTINGENCY MANAGEMENT
