ID: Protozoal & Helminth Infections Flashcards
what causes the recurrent paroxysm fever/chlils seen in malaria
rupture of infected RBCs cause the release of pyogenes
what type of malaria causes the most severe disease
P. falciparum
what is the most important virulence of p. falciparum
organism alters flow characteristics and adhesive properties of infected RBCs which adhere to endothelial cells of small blood vessels, obstruct blood vessels and cause tissue ischemia
what organism
found in cat liter because cats are the final host
toxoplasmosis
another reason to never have a cat
what protozoa
produces flask/bottle neck ulcers
entamoeba histolytica
what protozoa
can produce liver abscesses
entamoeba histolytica
what transmits American trypanosemiasis
triatominae bug=reduvid bug=kissing bug
what transmits african trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)
tsetse fly
what african trypanosomiasis:
infection will be chronic lasting longer than 1 year
T. bruci gambienae
what african trypanosomiasis:
infection rapidly progresses and will kill you in 3-6 months
T. brucei rhodesiense
what is the most destructive helminthic infection? why?
shistosomiasis because of the granulomatous response it causes
what does W. bancrofti, B. Malayi and B. timori cause (all the same disease)
elephantiasis
lymphatic filariasis
what is the causative agent in river blindness
onchocerca volvulus
what transmits onchocerciasis (river blindness) to humans
the black fly
what is the most common helminth infection in humans
ascaroasus
which of the intestinal nematodes can you see autoinfection with
strongyloidiasis (threadworm)
which of the schistosomas cause the bladder infection (which can lead to cancer)
S. haematobium
which of the schistosomas cause the liver infection (“piprestream”) fibrosis seen in liver)
can see portal HTN
S. mansoni
S. japonicum
what disease does Chinese liver fluke cause? what is a consequence of this disease?
clonorchus
biliary obstruction
what tapeworm (cestode) can cause b12 deficiency
Diphyllobethrium latum
fish tape worm
what is the classic triad seen in toxoplasmosis
- chorioretinitis
- hydrocephalus
- intracranial calcifications
how long is the fever cycle in P. vivax and P. ovale
48 hours
how long is the fever cycle in P. malariae
72 hours
what protozoa
transmitted by same tick as lyme (ixodes tick) and causes fever and hemolytic anemia
babesia
what is romana sign and when is it seen?
unilateral periorbial swelling indicating an acute infection with chagas disease
what are the 3 presenting signs of visceral leishmaniasis (kala azar)
spiking fevers
hepatosplenomegaly
pancytopenia
what protozoa
foul smelling greenish discharge; itchy and burning that was acquired from bumping uglies last weekend
trichomonas vaginalis
what parasite can cause brain cysts and seizure
“adult onset epilepsy”
T. solium (pork tapeworm)
what parasite causes myalgias and periorbital edema
trichinella spiralis
what parasite
“perianal pruitis”
enterobius
