ID-HIV

Question 1

How is acute HIV infection diagnosed?

Answer 1

Viral RNA polymerase or p24 antigen

Basically, if there is a negative result on the first step (antibody differentiation immunoassay) then it goes to NAAT testing, if RNA testing is detected on NAAT then it is acute HIV

Question 2

False positive on HIV testing

Answer 2

If positive on the Ag/Ab combo assay and negative on the following differentiation assay and NAAT test

Question 3

Describe 4th generation HIV testing

Answer 3

Initial Ag/Ab assay followed by a differentiation assay

Question 4

Describe the process with Rapid HIV Tests

Answer 4

Use salivary samples, if positive then refer for formal testing using the main algorithm

Question 5

What is an important vaccination to give patients who are HIV positive?

Answer 5

They are at higher risk for S. pneumoniae infection, so they should be vaccinated with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and the 23 valentine pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine

Question 6

What is IRIS?

Answer 6

occurs in the first few months after initiation of ARV therapy and due to a vigorous inflammatory response

Question 7

How to treat IRIS?

Answer 7

Adjuvant glucocorticoids

Question 8

Describe post exposure prophylaxis for HIV?

Answer 8

Use after sex, occupational exposure

Start as soon as possible and continue for 4 weeks

Question 9

What is the Prep treatment?

Answer 9

tenofovir-emtricitabine

Question 10

What are first line agents for CMV?

Answer 10

Ganciclovir and valganciclovir

Question 11

What is the treatment for severe shingles or VZV disease?

Answer 11

acyclovir

Question 12

Treatment for HSV? especially genital ulcers or pathos ulcers

Answer 12

acyclovir

Question 13

What is post-exposure prophylaxis for varicella for an adult who has never had it before and then around someone who has?

Answer 13

You give passive immunoprophylaxis with varicella-zoster immune globulin for post exposure prevention of choice for varicella infection