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ID Flashcards

1
Q

Abx for sinusitis?

A

1) Amoxicillin/clavulinic acid, Doxycycline, TMP/SMX

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2
Q

What is the organism that causes pneumonia as a complication of influenza?

A

S. aureus

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3
Q

What is treatment for CMV encephalitis?

A

IV ganciclovir +/- foscarnet

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4
Q

What sign is seen with Neisseria meningitidis?

A

petechial rash in lower extremities

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5
Q

ABX that is good at crossing BBB?

A

ceftriaxone

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6
Q

What test can be used to make initial diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis?

A

urine and serum polysaccharide antigen test

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7
Q

Signs seen with histoplasmosis?

A

fever, weight loss, hilar lympadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia

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8
Q

treatment for mild pulmonary histo?

A

supportive or itraconazole

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9
Q

Treatment for chronic cavitry lesions?

A

itraconazole for 1 year

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10
Q

Treatment for severe acute pulmonary disease or disseminated disease>

A

Lipsomoal aphotericine B x 14 days followerd by itraconazole x1 year

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11
Q

What are presentations of CMV>

A

CMV retinitis- retinal detachment (floaters)
GI and hepatobiliary involvement
CMV pneumonitis
CNS involvement

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12
Q

Treatment for CMV

A

ganciclovir

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13
Q

What will Labs show with MAC infections?

A

hypoalbuminemia
Increased serum alk phos
increased LDH
biopsy will shows foamy macrophages and acid fast bacilli

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14
Q

Treatment for MAC?

A

Clarithryomycin (1)

ethambutol +/- rifabutin is sexond line

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15
Q

Gram negative diplococci?

A

gonorrhea

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16
Q

What can disseminated disease for gonorrhea present with?

A

Monoarticular septic arthritis
tenosynovitis
hemorrhagic painful pustules

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17
Q

Treatment for gonorrhea

A

ceftriaxone IM or cefixime PO

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18
Q

What is the acute illness that can result due to treatment of syphillis?

A

Jarisch Herheimer reaction- flu like

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19
Q

Described as a beefy red ulcer with a characteristic rolled edge of granulation tissue

A

Klebsiella granulomatis

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20
Q

What is treatment of klebsiella granulomatis

A

doxycycline or azithromycin

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21
Q

Treatment for pyelonephritis

A

fluroquinolones

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22
Q

Treatment for anthrax

A

ciprofloxacin or doxycycline

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23
Q

can you give doxycycline to preggos and childrens?

A

no

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24
Q

What is treatment for RMSF?

A

doxycylcine

or chloramphenicol

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25
Q

What organisms cause otitis externa

A

pseudomonas and enterobacteriaciae

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26
Q

Is their pain when you tug on pinna in otitis externa

A

yes, no pain for otitis media

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27
Q

What is treament for lyme disease

A

doxycyline
amoxicillin
advanced disease- ceftraixone

28
Q

fatigue, fever, sore throat, posterior , cervical lympadenopathy, bilateral upper eyelid edema

A

Infectious mononucleosis

29
Q

predisposing factors for Infective endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus aureus?

A

prosethic valves
intravascular catheters
implanted devices
injection drug users

30
Q

Predisposing factors for Infective endocarditis caused by viridans group streptococci?

A

dental procedures

incision or biopsy of respiratory tract

31
Q

Predisposing factors for infective endocarditis caused by coagulase negative staphylococci?

A

intravascular catheters
prostetic valves
pacemakes or defibrillators

32
Q

Predisposing factors for infective endocarditis caused by enterococci?

A

nosocomial urinary tract infections

33
Q

predisposing factors for infective endocarditis caused by streptococcus bovis?

A

colon carcinoma
chronic indwelling catheters
prolonged antibiotic therapy

34
Q

hospital acquired endocarditis associated with intravascular catheters?

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis ( coagulase neg)

35
Q

What is the abx for bacillary angiomatosis?

A

erthromycin

  • gram negative bacillus
36
Q

Streptococcus sanguinis

S. mitis, S. oralis, S. mutans, S. sobrinus. S milleri are all part of what group

A

Viridans group streptococci

37
Q

healthcare associated endocarditis associated with nosocomial urinary tract infetions

A

enterococcus faecalis

38
Q

aerobic, gram positive, partially acid fast branching rods tx?

A

norcardia

TMP-SMX

39
Q

What region of brain do you see ring enhancing lesions in toxoplasmosis?

A

basal ganglia

40
Q

Presence of EBV DNA in csf is characteristic of what condition

A

CNS lymphoma

41
Q

PML lesions are non enhancing or enhancing

A

non enhancing

42
Q

HIV positive with bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramps

A

CMV

43
Q

Reverse effects of warfarin

A

give FFP

44
Q

sudden onse of sharply demarcated, erythematous, edematous, tender skin with raised borders in a febrile patient?

A

erysipelas- Group A streptococcus

45
Q

arizona, california, fever, dry cough, weight loss, pleuritic chest pain, erytherma multifrome, erythema nodosum, arthralgias

A

cocccidiodomycosis

46
Q

Abx for prophylaxis and treatment of infections caused by human bite

A

amoxicillin-clavulanate

- covers gram positive, gram negatives, anaerobes

47
Q

What does clindamycin cover

A

gram positive and anaerobes

48
Q

what does ciprofloxacin

A

gram negatives

49
Q

Drug of choice for lyme in preggos and kids

A

amoxicillin

50
Q

reddish nodule that later ulcerates and spread along the lymphatics forming subcutaneous nodules and ulcers

A

sporothrix schenckii

51
Q

When do you give prophylaxis is HIV person for CMV

A

give ganciclovir if CD4 is less than 50 and CMV IgG is positive or positive biospy

52
Q

Adverse effect of Nucleoside reverse trancriptase inhibitor as class

A

lactic acidosis

53
Q

Adverse effect of Zidovudine (NRTI)

A

anemia

54
Q

Adverse effect of didansosine(NRTI)

A

Pancreatitis and peripheral neuropathy

55
Q

Adverse effect of Stavudine (NRTI)

A

pancreatitis and neuropathy

56
Q

Adverse effect of Lamivudine

A

none

57
Q

Adverse effect of Abacavir ( NRTI)

A

rash

58
Q

Adverse effect of tenovair (NRTI)

A

Renal toxicity

59
Q

Adverse effect of protease inhibitors as class

A

hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia

60
Q

Adverse effect of indinavir (protease inhibitor)

A

Kidney stones

A

61
Q

Adverse effects of NNRTIs as class

A

drowsiness - specfically efavirenz

62
Q

Raltegravir, elvitegravir, and dolutegravir are what type of inhibitors

A

integrase inhibitors

63
Q

treatment for needlestick

A

HAART for a month

64
Q

why is ritonavir added if a protease inhibitors such as atazanavir or darunavir is used?

A

it inhibits hepatic p450 systems- route through which protease inhibitors are metabolized

65
Q

which HIV medications is avoided in pregnancy

A

efavirenz-NNRT

Step 2 ck (9 decks)

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