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Step 2 ck > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

Corkscrew shaped esophagus?

A

diffuse esophageal spasm

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2
Q

cervical outpouching through the circopharyngeus muscle?

A

zenkers diverticulum

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3
Q

MCC of esophageal cancer in US?

A

adenocarcinoma due to barretts

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4
Q

columnar metaplasia of the distal esophagus?

A

barrents

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5
Q

associated withwhat type of cancer- smoking, alcohol. dietary def. of beta carotene, vit B1, zinc, selenium, toxin producing fungi, hot food & beverages, pickled veg, nitrate rich food

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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6
Q

autoantibodies to parietal cells

A

type A chronic gastritis

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7
Q

h pylori infection in antrum

A

type B chronic gastritis

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8
Q

Triple therapy

A

amoxicillin, clarithromycin, omeprazole

Metronidazole can be substituted for amoxi

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9
Q

Therapy for MALT

A

triple therapy

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10
Q

Risk factors for intestinal type of gastric cancer

A

diet high in nitrites, salt, and low in fresh vegetables, h pylori, chronic gastritis
- metaplasia of gastric mucuosal cells

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11
Q

Biopsy findings of diffuse gastric cancer

A

signet cell

no risk factors

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12
Q

substitute for NSAIDS for PUD patients who require NSAIDS?

A

misoprostol

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13
Q

gastrin producing tumor in duodenum or pancreas

A

Zollinger ellison syndrome

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14
Q

What type of endocrine condition are gastrinomas associated with

A

MEN type 1

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15
Q

recurrent gnawing, burning abdominal pian, diarrhea, nasuea, vomitting, fatigue, weakness, weight loss, GI bleeding?

A

gastrinoma

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16
Q

causes of bloody diarrhea

A

salmonella, shigella. ecoli. campylobacter

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17
Q

agents causing diarrhea in HIV/AIDS

A

cryptosporidium and isospora

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18
Q

treatment for campylobacter diarrhea?

A

erythromycin

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19
Q

Grouped, papulovesicular pruritc skin lesions are what and associated with what disease

A

dermatitis herpetiformis associated with celiac disease

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20
Q

what type of test can be down to diagnose lactose intolerace

A

hydrogen breath test- increased after ingestion of lactose in intolerance

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21
Q

Carcinoid tumor can predispose a patient to what condition>

A

Pellegra- bc serotonin is made instead of niacin ( vit, B3)

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22
Q

lactic acidosis in SBO suggest what?

A

necrotic bowel

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23
Q

apple core deft on barium enema

A

colon carcinoma

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24
Q

indirect hernia is due to what

A

congenital patent processus vaginalis

- protrudes lateral to inferior epigasrics

25
Q

progressive inflammation and fibrosis accompanied by strictures of extra and intrahepatic bile ducts?

A

primary sclerosing cholangitis

  • see multiple bile duct strictures on MRCP
  • associated with UC
26
Q

treatment for primary scelrosing cholangitis?

A

high dose ursodiol

27
Q

what liver condition is associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrom

A

non alcoholic fatty liver disease

28
Q

disorder that has destruction of intrahepatic bileducts

A

primary billiary cirrhosis

  • autoimmune disease that presents with jaundice and pruritus in middle aged women
  • incraesed alk phos, bili cholesteral
    • ama antibody
29
Q

patient presents with abdominal pain, DM, hypogonadism, arthropathy of the MCP joints, heart failure, cirrhosis, bronze pigmentation , cardiac dyfuncition

A

hemachromatosis- autosomal recessive

30
Q

lab findings in hemachromatosis

A

Increased serum iron, % saturation of iron, ferritin
decreased transferrin
transferrin sat>45%

31
Q

Patient presents with hepatitis/ cirrhosis,ataxia, tremor, pscyhois,

A

wilsons

32
Q

lab findings in wilsons

A

decreased serum ceruloplasmin

33
Q

signs of pancreatic cancer

A

palpable nontender gall bladder

migratory thrombophebitis

34
Q

Ransons criteria for acute pancreatitis on admission

A 
GA LAW
Glucose>200
Age>55
LDH>350
AST> 250
WBC>16,000
35
Q

Rasons criteria for acute pancreatitis within 48 hrs

A 
C HOBBS
Ca10%
PaO24
BUN increased by >5 
Sequestered fluid >6
36
Q

diarrhea, hypokalemia, leg cramps, mass in pancreas

A

VIPOMA

37
Q

necrotizing dermatitis, weight loss, anemia, persistant hyperglycemia

A

glucanogoma

38
Q

Treatment for PUD

A

PPIs + clarithromycin/ amoxicillin

39
Q

treatment for PUD if unresponsive to PPIs + clarithromycin/ amoxicillin

A

PPIs + metronidazole/tetracycline

40
Q

what agent can be added when abx are switched for PUD

A

bismuth

41
Q

initial therapy for NUD

A

PPis

42
Q

most accurate test for gastrinoma

A

secretin rsponse

43
Q

test after gastrinoma is confrimed?

A

CT/ MRI first ( but poor sensitivity)

somatostatin receprto scinetigraphy with endoscopic us

44
Q

most accurate diagnostic test for chornic pancretits?

A

secretin stimulation testing

45
Q

treatment for IBS

A

1) fiber
2) antispasmodic- hyoscyamine, dicyclomine
3) tricyclic antidepressants
4) antimotility
5) lubiprostone `

46
Q

what drugs are used to wean of steroids in IBD?

A

azathiorpine 6 mercaptopurine

47
Q

treatment for diverticulitis?

A

cipro + metro
zosyn
amoxicillin/clavulanate

48
Q

causes of acute pancreatitis

A

trauma
hypertriglyceridemia
hypercalcemia

49
Q

worst prognostic factor for acute pancreatitis?

A

low calcium

50
Q

treatment for PBC & PSC

A

ursodeoxycholic acid

51
Q

Increased chance of infection with these organism if have hemochromatosis

A

vibrio vulnificus,
yersinia
listeria

52
Q

treatment for hemochromatosis

A

phlebotomy

53
Q

side effects of interferon

A

arthralgia, depression, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia

54
Q

side effects of ribavirin

A

anemia

55
Q

side effects of adefovir

A

renal dysfunction

56
Q

antibody for autoimmune hepatitis

A

anti smooth muscle

57
Q

most accurate test for wilsons

A

urine cooper excretion

58
Q

long lasting diarrhe agents

A

cryptosporidium cyclospora, giardia

59
Q

most significant environmental risk factor for pancreatic cancer

A

smoking

Step 2 ck (9 decks)

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