ICT Flashcards
Animation
A series of hand-drawn or computer-generated images that, when viewed as a sequence, give the impression of movement
Video
A recording of moving images
Storyboard
A planning tool using a series of drawings to show what will happen
Frame
One whole image in animation or video with a number
Annotate
Writing on a drawing to explain what it shows or what will happen
What is CGI?
Computer-generated images
What do we do before creating a video or animation?
Make a plan on paper (storyboard)
Import
To move data into a computer program
Proportion
How different things or parts relate to each other in number or size
Edit
To change something
Footage
A recording of images in a video
Focus
When taking a video or photo,the area in focus is clear and precise, the rest of the image may be blurry. It lets you know which element your audience should be looking at
Zoom
Zooming in gets you closer to the image and enlarges it while zooming out moves you away from the image and makes it smaller
What questions do you have to think about when creating your source material?
- which elements do you want to move independently?
- how large are the images and are they in proportion to each other?
- how complex are the images?
- what colours are the images?
What are some common tools that you will need to make use of when creating a source material?
Focus, zoom and panning
What are the recordings in a source material called?
Footage
What do we do if our source material has other people in it?
We need to ask for their permission first
What do we do before taking videos?
We have to practice
Panning
When you move the camera from one place to another in a slow, steady movement
What do we do if we don’t want to create our own images?
We can use pre-existing images from the internet
What do we do if we want a part of an image to move independently?
It needs to be a separate image
How can we transfer our footage onto a computer?
- If the device has an SD card, you will remove it put it in your computer, and copy the files
- If you have a cable, plug it in and copy it to your computer
- If the device has internet access, you can send it by email
Timeline
The sequence of frames that are created in an animation and that run in order
Pencil2D
A piece of 2D animation software
Interface
The text and images that you see on a computer screen, that you click on and that show you the result
Stage
The area where you draw your animation
Insert
To put into (another word for import)
Drawing tools
These let you draw items, change colours, erase elements of an image etc
Duplicate
To create a second, identical copy of something
How many layers are in Pencil2D?
4 layers
In which layer do we see the drawing tools?
The bitmap layer
What type of animation can we create in Pencil2D?
Basic stop frame animation
How can we draw in a frame?
We can click on the paintbrush and left-click on the mouse on the stage
How do we add new frames?
Click on the 1st + button next to “keys”
How can we duplicate frames?
Click on the 2nd + button
Frames per second (fps)
The number of frames that will appear in each second of the animation
How can we delete frames?
Select the frame you want to delete and click on the - button
How can we play our animation?
By clicking the ‘play’ button
How can we change the speed of the animation?
By entering a different number in the fps box
The higher the fps, the faster the animation will run. If you reduce the fps, then each frame will stay on screen longer
How do we move images?
By clicking on the select tool and then the arrow to move it
Bitmap
An image stored as individual squares (pixels)
How can we use pre-existing images for animations?
We can import an image. It should have it’s own layer so you should click on the ‘Layer+’ and select bitmap or vector layer
Pixel
A single square of one colour in a bitmap image
Pixelating
When a bitmap image is enlarged, each pixel gets larger and the image goes blurry
Vector
An image stored as coordinates and calculations, they allow the image to be redrawn every time you open it, make it larger or smaller
What type of file is a bitmap image?
It could be a .bmp, .jpeg, .gif, .png, or .tiff file
How do we import a file?
- Click on the layer you want to insert to
- Click File, ‘Import’ and then ‘Image’
What type of file is a vector image?
It could be a .eps, .psd, or .ai file
Tween
A computer animation tool that calculates the movements to make the smooth
How many people may your audience be?
One person or multiple people
Young children
- Use bright colours
- Use short/simple words
- Use images more than text
- Use cartoon/fun images
- Use informal language
Adults
- Use more text
- Use more sophisticated language/words
- Use formal language
- Use images to support the text (not instead of text)
Older children
- Use a range of colours
- informal or formal, depending on your topic
- Use images to support and enhance text
What were the 1st animations created of?
By using hand-drawn images that were moved really quickly to appear as though they were moving
How are animations nowadays made?
Computer-generated images are used to create animations entirely using a computer
A storyboard is usually made of ________ frames
several
A plan is just your _________
first ideas
What do you draw in your frame of a storyboard?
The main images you want to include
Each frame in a storyboard is drawn in ______
one box
What should be in your storyboard?
- The title
- How long each frame will stay on screen
- When each image will disappear
- How each frame moves to the next
- Background colour
- Text colour
Animations can use ________
images you have made on a computer
You can draw a shape, or image, in the 1st frame by clicking on the ________
paintbrush
You can create a new blank frame by clicking on the _____ + button
first
You can create a duplicate frame by clicking on the _____ + button
second
How would you use the duplicate button?
To change the previous image, like move it or add something to it
Most of the images you will work with are likely to be ________
bitmap images
Creating your own videos depends on the _______
hardware you use
What do you do when we have transferred the videos to our computer?
We need to make a folder to store the videos with an appropriate name
How would you use the new frame button?
To change delete everything you had before, and draw something new
What is the order of skill 3 in the book?
- Pencil2D
- How to draw in a frame
- How to and why do we make a new frame or duplicate frame
- How to delete a frame
- How to play your animation
- How to change the speed of your animation
- How to move images
- How to add/import a pre-existing image
Network
2 or more computers connected together to communicate
Topology
The layout of the network and the physical arrangement of components
Name 5 types of topology
Point-to-point, ring,star,bus,mesh
Bluetooth
A method of wireless data transmission
Internet
A global collection of networks connecting computers and other hardware together to provide the infrastructure needed to access the WWW
Why are computers joined together?
There are lots of reasons but it’s always about communication because they can send data and it can be sent on a network
Give examples of data
Text, images or videos
How many purposes can a network might have?
2 - single and multiple purpose
Give an example of a single purpose network
A laptop connecting to a printer, so the laptop will send data to the printer or the printer will send data to the laptop to give it information like telling the computer it’s ready to print or if it’s out of paper
Personal area network (PAN)
A small network set up for a specific purpose
Local area network (LAN)
A network over a small geographical area using personally owned (the person) or business-owned hardware (a company)
In what network is the hardware provided and maintained by the person or company?
Local area network
Wide area network (WAN)
A network that connects computers and LANs over a large geographic area using cables, fibre optics or satellites and can span cities countries and even across the globe
In what type of network is the hardware not owned by the person using it?
Wide area network and you usually need a username and password to access it
Password
A series of characters are needed to gain access to a system
World wide web (WWW)
The websites that can be accessed over the internet
An example of a PAN
Connecting a phone to a speaker, a connection between a laptop and printer
An example of a LAN
When a network uses their own cables to join computers
An example of a WAN
A nationwide bank that has dozens of branches across the country
What are the 5 types of networks?
PAN, LAN, WAN, MAN and the internet
What is MAN?
Metropolitan (2 cities) area network
Give an example of a multiple purpose network
A network in a business
Components
The hardware devices that make up a system
Node
a device on a network (the computers that are connected to the network and all devices that are used to connect the computers in a network)
Cable
a physical connection between devices
Each device has its own ______ within a network
purpose
What are the 2 types of cables?
Copper cables and fibre optic
Copper cable
a cable connection that can either be UTP or STP and data is transferred as electricity
Unshielded twisted pair (UTP)
2 copper cables twisted together without any shielding
What is UTP?
Unshielded twisted pair
Shielded twisted pair (STP)
2 copper cables twisted together with shielding to reduce interference
What is STP?
Shielded twisted pair
Interference
an interruption or disruption to a signal when it’s being sent, this could change the binary value being transmitted, creating an incorrect signal
Ethernet
A specific type of copper cable used in a network
In a network the cable most commonly used is called a ____________ cable
ethernet
What does the ethernet plug into?
A jack, inside the NIC
Jack
A component an ethernet cable plugs into. Inside it is the NIC
Fibre optic
A cable connection that transfers data as light and is faster than copper cables because it has a higher bandwidth
Bandwidth
The maximum amount of traffic that can be sent down a transmission media (a physical pathway) e.g. cable
Hub
A component that connects computers together. It send the data it receives to all devices connected. Since it wastes bandwidth, it is not considered as a smart device
Switch
A component that connects computers together and learns the identity of computers connected to it
Router
A component that connects computers and networks together and might have a modem inside it
Modem
Allows you to connect to the internet using telephone lines by converting sound waves from the telephone line into digital data that the computer understands
A router might also have a ______ inside it
modem
What does modem stand for?
Modulator-demodulator
Network interface card (NIC)
A component a computer that allows a cable to be plugged into it physically. It is built into devices.
Wireless
Sending data without cables, e.g. radio waves
Wireless access point (WAP)
A component that sends and receives data wirelessly. This is in hub, switches and routers
Wireless network interface card (WNIC)
A component in a computer that sends and receives data wirelessly
Server
A powerful central computer e.g. file,printer,email
File server
A computer that stores files (data) for other computers in the network to access
Print server
A computer that messages a printer. The data goes in the server then the server decides which order to print the documents
Email server
A computer that stores emails used to access in a business. If you want to read your emails you have to connect to the server
When do we need and not need a server?
A small network (LAN) shouldn’t need a server while a large organisation needs one to store all thier files etc
Why does a small network not need a server?
- Each computer can store its own data
- it’s expensive
- A hardware expert needs to maintain it
When do we use wires?
- When the devices has a NIC e.g. desktop computer
- when we need a high and faster bandwidth
When do we use wireless?
- When the devices have/use a WNIC e.g.phone
- when we have a small no. of devices in the network
When do we use wired and wireless?
- When some devices in the network have a NIC or WNIC
What do we need if we need access to the internet?
We need a modem
What do we need if we need access to another network?
A router
When do we use a hub?
- When we have a small no. of devices
- When it’s a small network
When do we need a switch?
- When we have a medium sized network
- when we need something more efficient than a hub
When do we need a router?
- When we have a large no. of devices
- When we need to connect to another network
Network diagram
It shows all the components that you need in the network and it shows the cables that connect computers and the components that these connect to
What do solid lines represent in a network diagram?
Wired connection
What do dashed lines represent in a network diagram?
Wireless connection
What are the 4 questions you need to ask to make a network diagram?
- Do we need a server?
- Do we need wires, wireless or mixed?
- Do you need access to the internet and/or another network?
- What will the computers connect to?
