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iCEV Plant Science > iCEV Plant Science Part 4 > Flashcards

iCEV Plant Science Part 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Macronutrients

A

Required in a relatively large proportion for the growth and development of plants

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2
Q

Micronutrients

A

Nutrients required in a smaller amount

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3
Q

Fertilizer

A

Source of plant nutrients used to supply one or more of the essential nutrient elements to the plant

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4
Q

Fertilizer Analysis

A

Grade of the fertilizer

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5
Q

WIN

A

Water Insoluble Nitrogen

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6
Q

WSN

A

Water Soluble Nitrogen

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7
Q

Complete fertilizer

A

Contains the three macronutrients: Nitrogen, Phosphate and Potassium

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8
Q

Incomplete Fertilizer

A

Missing at least one of the major components of Nitrogen, Phosphate and Potassium

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9
Q

Special Purpose Fertilizers

A

Packaged for certain uses or types of plants

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10
Q

Slow Release Fertilizers

A

Release nutrients at a rate which makes them available to the plants over a long period of time

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11
Q

Organic Fertilizers

A

Derived solely from the remains or by-products of a once-living organism

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12
Q

Broadcasting

A

Completed by evenly spreading the recommended rate of fertilizer over the growing area

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13
Q

Foliar Feeding

A

Refers to the application of fertilizers to plant foliage

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14
Q

Pests

A

Any life form that competes for resources or can be dangerous to another’s health

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15
Q

Nematodes

A

Parasites, sustains life and gains nutrition from another source

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16
Q

Disease

A

Any condition in a plant caused by living and nonliving agents that interferes with its normal growth and development

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17
Q

Pesticide

A

Any substance that reduces, prevents, repels or eliminates pests

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18
Q

Insecticides

A

Affect insects

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19
Q

Molluscicides

A

Affect snails

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20
Q

Nematicides

A

Affect nematodes

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21
Q

Rodenticides

A

Affect rodents

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22
Q

Avicides

A

Affect birds

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23
Q

Piscicides

A

Affect fish

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24
Q

Herbicides

A

Affect weeds

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25
Q

Fungicides

A

Affect Funguses

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26
Q

Bacteriacides

A

Affect bacteria and disease causing organisms

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27
Q

Disinfectants

A

Kill microorganisms present in the shortest time with no damage to the contaminated substrate

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28
Q

Biorational Pesticides

A

Considered to be environmentally friendly

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29
Q

H2O

A

Two positively charged hydrogen atoms coupled with a negatively charged oxygen atom which make up one molecule of water

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30
Q

Cohesion

A

Water sticking to water

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31
Q

Adhesion

A

Water sticking to other materials

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32
Q

Surface Tension

A

Effect within the surface layer of the liquid which causes the liquid to assume the shape having the least surface area

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33
Q

Capillary Action

A

Movement of water within the spaces of a porous material due to the forces of adhesion, cohesion and surface tension

34
Q

Solvent

A

Substances capable of dissolving or dispersing one or more other substances

35
Q

Hydrophilic Substance

A

Substance which mixes easily with water

36
Q

Hydrophobic Substance

A

Substance which does not mix well with water

37
Q

pH

A

Potential of hydrogen measured of a scale of 0 to 14 ( 0 = very acidic, 7 = neutral, 14 = very basic)

38
Q

Acid

A

Substance with a low pH level, more free hydrogen ions than hydroxyl ions

39
Q

Base

A

Substance with a high pH, fewer free hydrogen ions than hydroxyl ions

40
Q

Specific Heat

A

Amount of energy required to change the temperature of a substance by 1 degree C

41
Q

Aquifer

A

Underground layer of gravel, earth or porous rock which contains water

42
Q

Groundwater

A

Water located beneath the earths surface

43
Q

Groundwater Depletion

A

Occurs when groundwater is pumped out faster than it is replenished

44
Q

Water table

A

Upper surface of groundwater

45
Q

Land Subsidence

A

Lowering of the earths crust due to the loss of support from beneath the ground

46
Q

Surface Water

A

Any water in the form of rivers, streams, creeks, lakes and reservoirs

47
Q

Rivers, Streams and Creeks

A

forms of flowing water which run over the land from a higher elevation

48
Q

Lake

A

Surface water runoff which has collected in a low spot

49
Q

Reservoir

A

Lake created by placing a dam on a river

50
Q

Wetlands

A

Areas where water covers soil, or is present at or near the surface for various periods of time during the year

51
Q

Saline Water

A

Salt Water

52
Q

Fresh water

A

Water containing less than 1,000 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids such as salt

53
Q

Hydrologic Cycle

A

Movement and endless circulation of water between the atmosphere and the earth through condensation, precipitation, evaporation and transpiration

54
Q

Water Storage

A

Water which is locked in its current state for a relatively long period of time

55
Q

Evaporation

A

Process by which water changes from liquid form to a gas or vapor form

56
Q

Clouds

A

visible form of condensed water in the atmosphere

57
Q

Condensation

A

Process by which water vapor in the air is changed into a liquid form

58
Q

Precipitation

A

water released from the clouds in the form of rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow or hail

59
Q

Snow/Ice Runoff

A

Water released into the the water system due to melting snow and ice

60
Q

Surface Runoff

A

Precipitation runoff which travels over the lands surface to the nearest stream or river

61
Q

Streamflow

A

Movement of water in a natural channel such as creek, stream or rover

62
Q

Watershed

A

Area of land where all water which falls drains off and goes to the same place

63
Q

Transpiration

A

Process by which plants return water to the atmosphere

64
Q

Evapotrsnspiration

A

Loss of water from the soil by both evaporation and transpiration from plants growing on it

65
Q

Infiltration

A

Water seeping into the soil (at the surface)

66
Q

Percolation

A

Water moving within the soil (below the surface)

67
Q

Spring

A

Water flowing naturally from the earth due to the overflow of an aquifer

68
Q

Water quality

A

Measure of value of water for a particular use based on the physical, chemical and biological characteristics

69
Q

Polluted Water

A

Body of water which is negatively affected by the addition of large amounts of minerals or pathogens

70
Q

Point Source Pollution

A

When the contamination can be traced to a specific point of discharge

71
Q

Non-Point Source Pollution

A

When the contamination cannot be traced to a specific point of discharge

72
Q

Turbidity

A

Measure of sediment or foreign particles stirred up or suspended in a body of water

73
Q

Wastewater

A

Sewage, Stormwater or water which has been used for various things in the community

74
Q

Water Rights

A

Rights of a person to use water from a particular source whether it is from surface water or groundwater

75
Q

Watershed

A

Area of land between two high points where all water drains to a common area below

76
Q

Impermeable

A

Surface which liquid can not pass through

77
Q

Erosion

A

Process of removing material from the earths surface by wind, water or chemical processes

78
Q

Drainage Pattern

A

Configuration or Pattern of a water drainage system

79
Q

Acre Inch

A

Amount of water required to cover one acre of land with one inch of water

80
Q

Acre Foot

A

Amount of water required to cover one acre of land with 12 inches of water

81
Q

non-point Source Pollutants

A

Pollutants which originate from a non-specific source which are commonly transported by water runoff

82
Q

Recede

A

Process of withdrawing or shrinking

iCEV Plant Science (4 decks)

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