Iceberg Cultural Theory (Slideshow) Flashcards
What does the Iceberg Cultural Theory suggest about culture?
9/10 is below surface
The theory illustrates how most cultural elements are hidden beneath surface-level observations.
What is surface culture?
Most easily seen aspects, lower emotional significance
Examples include food, dress, and music.
What is shallow culture?
Unspoken rules, emotional level is higher
Includes aspects like courtesy, time, personal space, and body language.
What is deep culture?
Emotional level is intense, unconscious rules
This involves deep-seated beliefs and values.
What is psychoanalysis?
Set of theories based on Freud’s theories, used to treat mental illnesses
Focuses on unconscious thoughts and feelings.
What are the two main parts of the mind according to Freud?
Conscious and unconscious
The conscious mind is rational, while the unconscious mind contains hidden desires.
What does the iceberg metaphor represent in Freud’s theory?
Most id submerged and hidden in unconscious
The visible part of the iceberg is akin to our conscious thoughts.
What methods are used in psychoanalysis?
Dream analysis, hypnosis, counseling
These methods help explore the unconscious mind.
What are the layers of the mind according to Freud?
Conscious, preconscious (superego), nonconscious (ego), unconscious (id)
Each layer has different functions and levels of awareness.
What is the ID in Freud’s theory?
Part of mind determining unconscious compulsions that urge individuals to seek gratification
Governed by the pleasure principle.
What is the pleasure principle?
Governing principle of Id, infants/adults seek gratification, fails to distinguish fantasy from reality
Examples include a crying baby or spoiling a plot.
What is the superego?
Part of the unconscious that seeks to repress the demands of id and prevent gratification of immediate needs
Also known as the morality principle.
What is introjection?
Internalization of ‘parent’ figures and their values; leads to the formation of the superego
Influences moral behavior and decision-making.
What is the ego’s role in Freud’s theory?
Strives to deal with demands of Id and balance it with superego
Acts as a referee between Id and superego.
What does the reality principle entail?
As a child grows, it becomes aware of the real environment and the need to accommodate it
Balances desires with societal rules.
How does the ego function in decision-making?
Always indecisive, struggles to make a decision
Often caught between Id’s impulses and superego’s morals.
What does psychoanalytic criticism consider?
Author, characters, audience
Analyzes motivations, biases, and the context of the work.
What is psychobiography?
Analyzes author and their life
Investigates how the author’s experiences shape their writing.
What does psychoanalytic criticism say about characters?
Treats characters as patients searching for their dreams
Explores their motivations and behaviors.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the part of the unconscious that seeks to repress the demands of id.
superego
It plays a crucial role in moral decision-making.
