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PR3153 > IC9 > Flashcards

IC9 Flashcards

1
Q

MOA of MAOi

A

Inhibits monoamine oxidase, thereby preventing breakdown of monoamine

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2
Q

Adverse effects of MAOi

A
  • Postural hypotension
  • Insomnia, restlessness
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3
Q

MOA of TCAs

A

Inhibits serotonin / norepinephrine transporter hence allowing serotonin/ norepinephrine to stay in the synapse longer

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4
Q

Major adverse effects of TCAs

A
  • Sedation
  • Postural hypotension
  • Dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation
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5
Q

Role of MAO

A

Breaks down monoamines

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6
Q

Two major forms of MAO

A

MAO-A and MAO-B

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7
Q

5-HT is mainly broken down by ___

A

MAO-A

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8
Q

Both MAO-A and MAO-B act on _____

A

noradrenaline (NA) and dopamine

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9
Q

3 Examples of monoamines

A

dopamine, noradrenaline, 5-HT

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10
Q

5-HT is also known as ___

A

serotonin

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11
Q

MAOi cause incr in bioavailability of ___

A

monoamines

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12
Q

Sedation is mainly due to ____

A

H1 histamine receptor antagonism

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13
Q

Postural hypotension is mainly due to ___

A

α-adrenoceptor sympathetic block

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14
Q

Dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation may be mainly due to ___

A

muscarinic receptor antagonism

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15
Q

MOA of SSRI

A

Selectively blocks reuptake of 5-HT (serotonin)

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16
Q

Adverse effects of SSRI

A
  • Nausea
  • Insomnia
  • Sexual dysfunction
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17
Q

MOA of SNRI

A

Blocks reuptake of 5-HT (serotonin) and noradrenaline

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18
Q

Adverse effects of SNRI

A

⚫ Nausea
⚫ Insomnia
⚫ Sexual dysfunction

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19
Q

Fluoxetine (SSRI) approximately__-fold selectivity for 5-HT

A

50

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20
Q

Citalopram (SSRI) approximately___-fold selectivity for 5-HT

A

1000

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21
Q

Advantages of SSRI over TCA

A
  • Less adverse effects
  • Safer in overdose
  • Possibly more compliant
22
Q

Which SSRI is more sedative compared to others?

A

Citalopram

23
Q

Examples of serotonin syndrome symptoms

A
  • Tremor
  • Hyperthermia (> 40degC)
  • Cardiovascular collapse
24
Q

Advantages of venlafexine (SNRI)

A

⚫ Fewer adverse effects than TCAs.
⚫ Claimed to work slightly faster than other antidepressants.
⚫ Claimed to work better in treatment-resistant patients

25
Q

Withdrawal effects for _____ may be more common and stronger than for____ and TCAs

A

SNRI; SSRIs

26
Q

Five symptom domains of schizophrenia

A
  • negative
  • positive
  • aggressive
  • cognitive
  • anxiety/depression
27
Q

First gen antipsychotics are ___ antipsychotics

A

Typical

28
Q

Second gen antipsychotics are ___ antipsychotics

A

atypical

29
Q

Schizophrenia is frequently associated with____

A

depression

30
Q

Aetiology of Schizophrenia

A
  • Genetic
  • Environmental factors
31
Q

All antipsychotic drugs are _____

A

D2 antagonists

32
Q

Does D2 Receptor Antagonism Correlate with Clinical Efficacy?

A

Yes

33
Q

____increased in acute schizophrenia.

A

Dopamine

34
Q

mesocortical pathway is in charge of ___

A

cognition and attention

35
Q

mesolimbic pathway is in charge of ___

A

reward and emotion

36
Q

Pathway of interest in schizophrenia

A

Mesocortical/Mesolimbic Pathways

37
Q

What does Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) act as?

A

5-HT2 agonist, hence produces symptoms similar to acute schizophrenia

38
Q

Examples of 1st gen antipsych

A

Chlorpromazine, haloperidol

39
Q

Examples of 2nd gen antipsych

A

clozapine, olanzapine & risperidone

40
Q

Common MOA of antipysch

A

Blocks D2 receptor to lower dopamine level

41
Q

Theories for schizophrenia

A

⚫ Dopamine Theory
⚫ 5-HT (Serotonin) Theory
⚫ Glutamate Theory

42
Q

Typical/atypical antipsych adverse effects

A
  • sedation, weight gain
  • dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision
  • postural hypotension, dizziness
  • EPS (more for typical)
43
Q

The extrapyramidal pathway involves the ______, including the ___ and ____

A

basal ganglia; striatum; substantia nigra

44
Q

The nigrostriatal pathway is the connection from the ___ to the_____.

A

substantia nigra; striatum

45
Q

What makes an antipsychotic atypical?

A

They produce less extrapyramidal side effects

46
Q

Most atypical antipsych have ____ antagonism

A

5HT2A & dopamine-2

47
Q

amisulpride MOA

A

selective D2 /D3 antagonist; 5-HT7 antagonism

48
Q

which pathway regulates prolactin secretion

A

tuberoinfundibular

49
Q

which drug incr prolactin release

A

amisulpride

50
Q

Atypical antipsych can cause additional side effects like

A

hyperglycemia, diabetes and weight gain

PR3153 (17 decks)

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