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PR3153 > IC 10 - Pharm Tech (2) > Flashcards

IC 10 - Pharm Tech (2) Flashcards

1
Q

List the 5 injection methods.

A
  1. IM
  2. SQ
  3. IV
  4. Intradermal
  5. Intrathecal
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2
Q

Which of the parenteral method allows drugs to travel to brain?

A

Intrathecal

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3
Q

What are the barriers or disadvantages for non-intrathecal?

A
  1. Cannot reach BBB
  2. Dilution/ distribution
  3. Reticuloendothelial system
  4. Metabolic enzymes
  5. Invasive
  6. Medical professional required
  7. Strict sterility
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4
Q

What are the barriers for intrathecal?

A
  1. Dilution/ distribution
  2. Reticuloendothelial system
  3. Metabolic enzymes
  4. Invasive
  5. Medical professional required
  6. Strict sterility
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5
Q

What are the advantages of parental delivery?

A
  1. Bypass hepatic first pass
  2. Can control dosage (relative low drug concentration and low toxicity)
  3. Direct access to brain (intrathecal)
  4. Sustained release (IM depots, intrathecal reservoirs)
  5. Ideal for non compliant, unconscious, dysphagic
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6
Q

How does molecules move through BBB?

A
  1. Paracellular
  2. Transcellular
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7
Q

BBB contains active _____ transporters.

A

efflux

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8
Q

List three efflux transporter found in BBB.

A

P-gp, BCRP, MRP

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9
Q

What are the two transporters in BBB?

A
  1. Carrier mediated
  2. Receptor-mediated
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10
Q

List the modified Lipinski rule of 5.

A
  1. MW < 450Da
  2. Hydrogen bond acceptors <7
  3. Hydrogen bond donors <3
  4. Log P 1 - 3
  5. Unionised
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11
Q

List the two types of parental formulation.

A
  1. Solutions
  2. Suspensions
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12
Q

What are the common excipients for parental injections?

A
  1. Diluent
  2. Buffer salts
  3. Tonicity adjuster
  4. Preservatives (minimal for intrathecal)
  5. Stabiliser/ co-solvent
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13
Q

What are the considerations for parental delivery?

A
  1. pH (ideal 7.4)
  2. Tonicity (280-290)
  3. Particle size (No visible particles)
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14
Q

The pH of IM injections can range from ____ to ____.

A

3,11

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15
Q

The SQ injection’s pH can range from ___ to ____.

A

3, 6

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16
Q

Formulation ____ is prioritized in parental injections.

17
Q

What is the preferred solution for parental injections?

A

Hypertonic

18
Q

Particle size consideration is more stringent in ____ injections.

19
Q

List three ways to package the injectables.

A
  1. Glass ampoules
  2. Glass vials with rubber stoppers (Reconstitution)
  3. Prefilled syringes

**Need to withstand sterilization processes

20
Q

List the three components of catheters and reservoirs for infusion.

A
  1. Reservoir
  2. Catheter
  3. Pump
21
Q

What is a biomaterial that is compatible with catheters and reservoirs?

PR3153 (16 decks)

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