IB ESS Review: Topic 4 Terms

Question 1

Hydrological Cycle

Answer 1

Driven by solar energy

Question 2

Ocean circulatory system/ocean conveyor belt

Answer 2

Stimulates growth/reproduction of primary producers, regulates amount of sea ice, gives more areas of ocean moderate climate.

Question 3

Fresh water

Question 4

Marine water

Question 5

Surface runoff

Question 6

Infiltration

Question 7

Water security

Answer 7

When a population does not have the necessary monetary means to access an adequate source of water.

Question 8

Scarcity of water

Question 9

Aquaculture

Question 10

Water pollution

Question 11

Biodegradation

Question 12

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) SOURCES

Answer 12

leaves/woody debris, dead plants + animals, animal manure, effluents from wastewater treatment plants, falling septic system, urban storm-water runoff.

Question 13

Indicator species

Question 14

Eutrophication

Question 15

Dead zones

Question 16

Drip irrigation system

Answer 16

95% efficient, little loss to evaporation, expensive to install (minimally used).

Question 17

Aquifer

Answer 17

Permeable rocks that store underground water

Question 18

Green water

Answer 18

Never available because it evaporates from the ground or transpires from the plants.

Question 19

Blue water

Answer 19

Proportion of precipitation that collects in water courses/is available for human consumption