IB ESS Review: Topic 3 Terms Flashcards
Biodiversity
The measure of the quantity of living diversity per unit area. It includes species diversity, habitat diversity and genetic diversity.
Species Diversity
The variety of species per unit area. It includes both the number of species that are present and they’re relative abundance.
Habitat diversity
The number of ecological niches or range of different habitats present per unit area of a biome/ecosystem/community
Genetic diversity
The range of genetic material present in the population of a species or its gene pool.
Species richness
The number of species
Species evenness
The relative proportions of species
Evolution
A gradual change in the genetic characteristics of a population.
Natural selection
The proposed mechanism that can lead to the formation of a new species.
Speciation
The formation of new species from an original population so that the new species cannot interpret with the original species.
CITES agreement
Aims to limit international trade of plants and animals, so that trade and specimens does not endanger the survival of a species.
The Red List
For threatened species, places species into 1 of 7 categories based on conservation status, quantitative thresholds for population size/trends, quantitative thresholds for # of mature organisms, quality and size of habitat.
Evolution
Gradual change in the genetics of a population achieved through natural selection.
