Ib Biomechanics

Question 1

What is biomechanics s

Answer 1

The study of structure, function and movement of a living body

Question 2

What is biomechanics used for

Answer 2

Improve performance: increase speed of movement or technique. Reduce risk of injury: lesson the force of tension

Question 3

What is a plane

Answer 3

An imaginary flat surface running through the body

Question 4

What is an axis

Answer 4

An imaginary line at the right angle to the plane, about which the body rotates or spins

Question 5

What are the three planes

Answer 5

Sagital, frontal and transverse

Question 6

What is the frontal plane

Answer 6

Divides the. Body into front and. Back, allows for side sways movements, abduction and adduction are possible, example cartwheel or side step

Question 7

What is the transverse plane

Answer 7

Divides the body into top and bottom. Movements possible are rotational eg supination and pronation. Sporting example: golf swing or pivot in netball

Question 8

What is the sagital plane

Answer 8

Splits the body into left and right, flexion and extension possible, examples running or a forward flip

Question 9

What is the frontal axis

Answer 9

Line that runs from left to right through the hips

Question 10

What is the sagital axis

Answer 10

Line that runs form front to back through centre of the body, bellybutton,.

Question 11

What is the vertical axis

Answer 11

Line that runs from top to bottom that runs through the centre of the body

Question 12

What is a lever system

Answer 12

A stiff rigid structure, hinged at one point and to which force us applied at two other points

Question 13

What is the fulcrum

Answer 13

The point at which the lever rotates usually joinys

Question 14

What is the load in a lever

Answer 14

Weight if the body or additional resistanmce

Question 15

What is the effort

Answer 15

The work done by the muscle at the point of insertion or application

Question 16

What is the lever arm

Answer 16

The bone in the human body that acts as the lever arm

Question 17

Example of first class lever

Answer 17

Tricep curl, trice attaches above elbow

Question 18

Sample f second class lever

Answer 18

Doris and plantarflexion in the ankle

Question 19

Example of third class lever

Answer 19

Bicep curl as bicep attaches below elbow

Question 20

Which levers Operate at a mechanical advantage

Answer 20

Second and sometimes first depends if the effort arm is longer

Question 21

What is a scalar quantity

Answer 21

A measurement with magnitude but no direction, eg time speed volume or length.

Question 22

What is a vector

Answer 22

A quantity with both direction and magnitude, example: velocity, acceleration

Question 23

What is Newton’s first law

Answer 23

Law of inertia: an object will not change its motion unless acted upon by an external force

Question 24

What is Newton’s first law

Answer 24

Law of inertia: an object will not change its motion unless acted upon by an external force

Question 25

What is Newton’s second law

Answer 25

Law of acceleration: an object accelerates relative to the force applied and in the direction of the force.

Question 26

What is Newton’s third law

Answer 26

Law of reaction, every action has an equal and opposite reaction.