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Internal Medicine > I. Cardiovascular > Flashcards

I. Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

Most common cause of R-sided heart failure

A

Left sided heart failure

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2
Q

Enumerate the acute precipitants to Heart Failure.

A

PAIN To My DamN HeArt: Pregnancy, Anemia, Infections, increased Na intake, Thyrotoxicosis, Myocardial infarction, Drugs (beta-blockers and NSAIDs), Non-compliance to HF meds, Hypertensive emergency, Alcohol consumption

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3
Q

A type of arrythmia characterized by alternating bradycardia and tachycardia

A

Sick - Sinus Syndrome

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4
Q

Name the murmur with the ff. characteristic upon auscultation: Diastolic opening snap, Diastolic rumble

A

Mitral Stenosis

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5
Q

Name the murmur with the ff. characteristic upon auscultation: Soft S1, loud holosystolic murmur, S3

A

Mitral Regurgitation

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6
Q

Name the murmur with the ff. characteristic upon auscultation: mid to late systolic click

A

Mitral valve prolapse

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7
Q

Name the murmur with the ff. characteristic upon auscultation: crescendo mid systolic murmur

A

Aortic stenosis

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8
Q

A type of pulse characterized as slow to peak, slow to fall seen in Aortic stenosis

A

Pulsus parvus et tardus

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9
Q

Name the murmur with the ff. characteristic upon auscultation: high pitched blowing decrescendo diastolic murmur, mid-systolic ejection murmur

A

Aortic regurgitation

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10
Q

A low pitched rumbling mid diastolic murmur heard in Aortic regurgitation

A

Austin Flint murmur

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11
Q

Name the sign associated with Aortic Regurgitation characterized by the ff: increase in systolic BP greater than 30mm Hg between LE vs UE

A

Hill’s sign

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12
Q

Name the sign associated with Aortic Regurgitation characterized by the ff: head bobbing

A

Demusset’s sign

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13
Q

A type of pulse characterized as diastolic bruits on femoral artery seen in Aortic regurgitation

A

Duroziez’s sign

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14
Q

A type of pulse characterized as pistol shot femoral pulses seen in Aortic regurgitation

A

Traube’s sign

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15
Q

A type of pulse characterized as systolic blushing and diastolic blanching of the nailbed when pressure is applied seen in Aortic regurgitation

A

Quincke’s pulse

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16
Q

A type of pulse characterized as rapid rise and fall of carotid pulse seen in Aortic regurgitation

A

Corrigan’s pulse

17
Q

A high pitched decrescendo diastolic murmur heard in pulmonic regurgitation in patients.

A

Graham Steell murmur

18
Q

Enumerate the irrevesibly types of Dilated Cardiomyopathy

A

Peripartum DCMP, Alcohol DCMP, Thyrotoxic DCMP, Tachycardia-induced, Coccaine DCMP, Keshan’s Disease

19
Q

A type of cardiomyopathy characterized by assymetric LV hypertrophy with a ground glass interventricular septum and the most common cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes

A

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

20
Q

In Acute Pericarditis, enumerate the signs seen in Beck’s Triad.

A

Low blood pressure, Neck vein engorgement, Distant heart sounds

21
Q

In Acute Pericarditis, what do you call the decline in systolic pressure greater than 10 mmHg during inspiration?

A

Pulsus Paradoxicus

22
Q

A post cardiac injury seen in acute pericarditis characterized by a triad of pleuritic chest pain, fever, and pericardial effusion

A

Dressler’s syndrome

23
Q

A sign characterized by non-declining venous pressure during inspiration in Chronic Constrictive Prericarditis

A

Kussmaul’s sign

24
Q

A sign characterized by a reduction and retraction of the apical pulse during systole in Chronic Constrictive Prericarditis

A

Broadbent’s sign

25
Q

A sign characterized by placement of a clenched fist over the sternum to describe pain/during ongoing chest pain

A

Levine’s sign

26
Q

The most common cause of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm

A

Cystic Medial Necrosis

27
Q

Most common cause of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

A

Atherosclerosis

28
Q

Most common location of Aortic Dissection

A

R lateral wall of Ascending Aorta

29
Q

A pulseless disease affecting the large branches of the aorta characterized by panarteritis with intimal hyperplasia and chronic fibrotic occlusion on histopath

A

Takayasu’s Arteritis

30
Q

Arteries obstructed in Giant Cell Arteritis

A

Medium sized arteries

31
Q

A condition characterized by linear calcifications in the ascending aorta usually affecting the aortic root and obliterating the vasa vasorum

A

Syphilitic Infective Aortitis

32
Q

A condition characterized by a triad of migratory superficial vein thrombophlebitis, Raynaud’s phenomenon, and claudication highly linked to smoking

A

Thrombangitis obliterans (Buerger’s Disease)

Internal Medicine (6 decks)

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