Hypothesis Testing Flashcards
It is a statistical method that uses a sample data to evaluate a hypothesis about a population.
Hypothesis Test
It states that in the general population there is no change, no difference, or no relationship.
Null Hypothesis
It states that there is a change, a difference, or a relationship for the general population.
Alternative Hypothesis
It is a probability value that is used to define the concept of “very unlikely” in a hypothesis test.
Alpha Level/Level of Significance
It is composed of extreme sample values that are very unlikely to be obtained if the null hypothesis is true.
Critical Region
Formula of z-score for hypothesized distribution
z = M - μ/σM
Formula of Standard Error
σM = σ/√n
It simply indicates that the sample data are converted into a single, specific statistics that is used to test the hypotheses.
Test Statistic
It occurs when a researcher fails to reject a null hypothesis that is really false.
Type II error
It occurs when a researcher rejects a null hypothesis that is actually true.
Type I error
A result is said to be if it is very unlikely to occur when the null hypothesis is true.
Significant/Statistically Significant
The statistical hypotheses specify either an increase or a decrease in the population mean.
Directional Hypothesis Test/One-tailed Test
A magnitude with small effect.
0.2
A magnitude with medium effect.
0.5
A magnitude with large effect.
0.8
