HYPOTHESIS

Question 1

What is a hypothesis?

Answer 1

• A testable prediction based on experimental aims.

Question 2

Alternative hypothesis

Answer 2

• Predicts that the IV will affect the DV;
• Thus there will be a difference between the IV and DV.

(there will be an effect/difference)

“Listening to music while studying improves memory recall compared to studying in silence.”

Question 3

Null hypothesis

Answer 3

• The IV will NOT affect the DV.
• Predicts there will be no sig difference (between variables) or any difference is due to chance .

“Listening to music while studying has no effect on memory recall.”

Question 4

Directional hypothesis

Answer 4

• Predicts the specific direction the results will go.
• Is usually based on previous research
• Will indicate the probability of a certain outcome. (inc/decrease)

“Students who drink coffee before an exam will perform better than those who don’t.”

Question 5

Non-directional hypothesis

Answer 5

• Predicts that there will be a difference but not what that difference will be.

“There will be a difference in exam performance between students who drink coffee and those who don’t.”- does not specify whether coffee improves or worsens performance

Question 6

What is a correlational hypothesis?

Answer 6

A hypothesis predicting a relationship between two variables without stating cause and effect.

“There will be a positive correlation between time spent on social media and levels of anxiety.”