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Med 1 Endo > Hypothalamus/PG > Flashcards

Hypothalamus/PG Flashcards

1
Q

A pituitary adenoma that causes excess GH

A

Acromegaly/Gigantism

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2
Q

Clinical Signs of Acromegaly/Gigantism

A 
Enlargement of hands and feet
Increased ring, glove and shoe size
Coarsening of facial features
Enlargement of internal organs
Metabolic – glucose intolerance
Sleep apnea
Increased incidence of colon polyps and canc
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3
Q

Effects of Acromegaly/Gigantism:

A 
Hypopituitarism
HTN
Glucose intolerance or DM
Cardiac enlargement
Cardiac failure
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4
Q

Treatment of Acromegaly/Gigantism

A

Surgery to remove pituitary adenoma

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5
Q

GH Deficiency before Epiphyses Close

A

Dwarfism

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6
Q

Clinical Signs of Dwarfism

A

Characteristic growth patterns include normal birth length and height, with a gradual decrease in percentiles of height for age by 2 years

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7
Q

Diagnosing Dwarfism

A

All other causes of decreased growth must be considered and ruled out before this diagnosis can be made with confidence.

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8
Q

ADH Deficiency can cause this

A

Diabetes Insipitus

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9
Q

Clinical Signs of Diabetes Insipitus

A

Polyuria with intense thirst for ice cold water

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10
Q

Risks with Diabetes Insipitus

A

Hypernatremia due to high levels of excretion in the urine

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11
Q

Treatment of Diabetes Insipitus

A

Mild: Adequate hydration
Moderate: Desmopressin to achieve homeostasis

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12
Q

Excessive Release of ADH from Neurohypophysis can cause

A

Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH Secretion (SIADH)

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13
Q

What can cause SIADH?

A

Trauma
Stress
Tumors
CNS Disorders

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14
Q

Prolactin Secreting Pituitary Adenoma

A

Prolactinoma

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15
Q

Clinical Features of Prolactinoma

A 
Amenorrhea
Menstrual irregularities
Infertility
Loss of potency and libido in men
Visual loss
Headaches
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16
Q

How to diagnose Prolactinoma

A

Prolactin levels are elevated, confirmed with MRI of Pituitary

17
Q

Treatment of Prolactinoma

A

Dopamine agonists (Bromocriptine or Cabergoline)
If the patient cannot tolerate D.A. or the tumor is notresponding to D.A. with compressive symptoms - trans-sphenoidal surgery
Radiation Therapy

Med 1 Endo (9 decks)

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