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neuroanatomy > hypothalamus > Flashcards

hypothalamus Flashcards

1
Q

hypothalamus regulates

A

autonomic activity in brainstem and spinal cord

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2
Q

visceral motor system regulates

A

water/food intake

pituitary function

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3
Q

hypothalamus extends from ____ anteriorly, ___ posteriorly

A

anterior commissure, lamina terminalis, optic chiasm

mamillary bodies

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4
Q

medially there is

A

paraventricular zone and arcuate nucleus
ventromedial dorsomedial nuclei
lateral zone including supraoptic nucleus

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5
Q

landmark of anterior hypothalamus

A

optic chiasm

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6
Q

landmark of middle hypothalamus

A

infindibulum

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7
Q

landmark of posterior hypothalamus

A

mamillary bodies

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8
Q

anterior hypothal functions

A 
heat loss
thirst
water balance, milk ejection, uterine contraction
circadian rhythm
sleep
parasympathomimetric
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9
Q

intermediate hypothal functions

A

endocrine acitivity
satiety
emotions

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10
Q

posterior hypothal functions

A 
heat conservation
arousal 
aggressive behavior 
analgesia
consolidation of memory
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11
Q

axons in optic nerve terminate where

A 
4 nuclei in brain 
lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus
superior colliculus of midbrain
pretectum of midbrain
suprachiasmatic nucleus of hypothal
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12
Q

lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus for

A

visual perception

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13
Q

superior colliculus of midbrain for

A

control of eye movements

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14
Q

pretectum of midbrain for

A

control of pupillary light reflex

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15
Q

suprachiasmatic nucleus of hypothal for

A

control of diurnal rhythms and hormonal changes

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16
Q

leptin is

A

protein produced by fat cells

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17
Q

increased fat cells, ___ .leptin, ___ CNS eating activity

A

increased

decreased

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18
Q

medial hypothalamic lesions

A

hyperphalgia

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19
Q

lateral hypothalamic lesions

A

set point for body weight

20
Q

hypothalamus temp control center

A

preoptic area of anterior hypothal

heat sensitive and cold neurons

21
Q

skin and deep body temp receptors

A 
mainly detect cold and cool temps
function to prevent hypothermia
22
Q

role of posterior hypothal

A

receives input from ant hypoth and peripheral temp receptors to elicit mainly heat producing and conserving reactions

23
Q

posterior hypothalamus regulates

A

body temp set point

24
Q

paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei regulate

A

water balance

25
Q

paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei produce

A

ADH and oxytocin

26
Q

paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei destruction

A

causes diabetes insipidus

27
Q

paraventricular nucleus projects to

A

autonomic nuclei of brainstem and spinal cord

28
Q

anterior nucleus regulates

A

thermal-heat dissipation

29
Q

anterior nucleus stimulates

A

parasympathetic NS

30
Q

anterior nucleus destruction

A

hyperthermia

31
Q

preoptic area contains

A

sexually dimorphic nucleus

32
Q

preoptic area regulates

A

release of gonadotropic hormones

33
Q

suprachiasmatic nucleus receives

A

input from retina

34
Q

suprachiasmatic nucleus controls

A

circadian rhythm

35
Q

dorsomedial nucleus stimilation results in

A

obesity and savage behavior

36
Q

posterior nucleus regulation

A

thermal- heat conservation

37
Q

posterior nucleus destruction results in

A

inability to thermoregulate

38
Q

posterior nucleus stimulates

A

sympathetic NS

39
Q

lateral nucleus stimulation induces

A

eating

40
Q

lateral nucleus destruction results in

A

starvation

41
Q

mamillary body receives input from

A

hippocampal formation via fornix

42
Q

mamillary body projects to

A

ant nucleus of thalamus

43
Q

mamillary body contains

A

hermorrhagic lesions in wernickes encephalopathy

44
Q

ventromedial nucleu

A

satiety center

45
Q

ventromedial nucleu destruction results in

A

obesity and savage behavior

46
Q

arcuate nucleus produces

A

hypothalamic releasing factors

47
Q

arcuate nucleus contains

A

DOPA-ergic neurons that inhibit prolactin release

neuroanatomy (11 decks)

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