Hypothalamic And Pituitary Disease

Question 1

Pituitary Adenoma

Answer 1

Found in 14% of autopsies.
Most come is prolactinoma
Causes variety of symptoms.
Can be treated with transphenoid surgery

Question 2

Hormones of the Anterior Pituitary

Answer 2

Somatotrophs- Growth Hormone
Gonadotrophs- FSH, LH
Corticotrophs- ACTH
Thyrotrophs- TSH
Lactotrophs- Prolactin

Question 3

Hormones of the Posterior Pituitary

Answer 3

ADH

Oxytocin

Question 4

General Rules for Endocrine Testing

Answer 4

To rule out HYPOsecretion you stimulate the endocrine axis (like with ACTH or GHRH)

To rule out HYPERsecretion you suppress the endocrine axis (like with overnight dexamethasone product)

Question 5

How to diagnose Acromegaly

Answer 5

Elevated IGF-1

Non-suppressed GH level after OGTT

Question 6

Functions of FSH and LH

Answer 6

FSH: SPermatogenesis and Growth of ovarian follicular granulosa cell

LH:Testosterone production from Leydig cells and Ovarian steroidogenesis

Question 7

Cushing’s disease

Answer 7

Overproduction of ACTH that leads to adrenal overproduction of cortisol. (Can be ACTH independent but that would be Cushing’s SYNDROME)