Hypomagnesemia vs Hypocalcemia

Question 1

HypoMAGnesemia & hypoCALcemia

Answer 1

Does not act as a sedative (not enough)

Question 2

HypoMAGnesemia Causes

Answer 2

• diarrhea (lots of Mg in intestines), alcoholism

- Alcohol suppresses ADH & its hypertonic (not eating, drinking)

Question 3

HypoCALcemia Causes

Answer 3

Hypoparathyroidism, radical neck, thyroidectomy (all not enough PTH)

Question 4

HypoMAGnesemia and HypoCALcemia S&S

Answer 4

muscle tone rigid and tight, could have seizures, stridor/laryngospasm, + chvostek’s sign, + trousseau’s sign, arrhythmias, increased DTRs, mind changes, swallowing problems (ex: aspiration)

Question 5

Treatment for hypoMAGnesemia

Answer 5

• give some Mg, check kidney function (before and during IV Mg), seizure precautions, eat Mg (spinach, mustard greens, etc)
• stop IV Mg if pt reports flushing and sweating

Question 6

Treatment for hypoCALcemia

Answer 6

Vit D, phosphate binders (renagel or Ca acetate), IV Ca (give slowly) and always make sure pt is on a heart monitor (arrhythmia)

Question 7

Foods high in magnesium:

Answer 7

spinach, mustard greens, summer squash, broccoli, halibut, turnip greens, pumpkin seeds, peppermint, cucumber, green beans, celery, kale, sunflower seeds, sesame seeds, flax seeds