Hypermagnesemia vs Hypercalcemia

Question 1

HyperMAGnesiemia and hyperCALcemia

Answer 1

Mg and Ca act like sedative

-magnesium is excreted by kidneys and it can be lost other ways too (GI tract)

Question 2

HyperMAGnesemia Causes

Answer 2

• Renal failure, Antacids (builds up into the blood)

- Mg and Ca think muscles first

Question 3

HyperCALcemia Causes

Answer 3

Hyperparathyroidism (too much PTH), Thiazides (retain Ca), immobilization (you have to bear weight to keep Ca in the bones)

Question 4

HyperMAGnesemia Signs and Symptoms

Answer 4

• flushing, warmth, Mg makes you vasodilate

- DTRs decrease, muscle tone is weak/flaccid, arrhythmias, decreased LOC, bradycardia, decreased RR

Question 5

HyperCALcemia Signs and Symptoms

Answer 5

• bones are brittle, kidney stones (majority made of calcium)
• DTRs decrease, muscle tone is weak/flaccid, arrhythmias, decreased LOC, bradycardia, decreased RR

Question 6

Treatment for hyperMAGnesemia

Answer 6

• ventilator, dialysis, calcium gluconate (antidote)

- Calcium Gluconate is admin IVP very slowly (max rate=1.5-2mL/min)

Question 7

Treatment for hyperCALcemia

Answer 7

• MOVE, fluids prevent kidney stones, phopho soda & fleet enema both have phosphorous (Ca has inverse relationship with phos)
• steroids decrease Ca, add phos to diet, safety precautions, must have vit D to use Ca, calcitonin decrease serum Ca