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Pham II > Hypnotics > Flashcards

Hypnotics Flashcards

1
Q

MOA:
Benzodiazepines - all end in -“zepam” or “-zolam” except for chlordiazepoxide

A

Binds to GABAa 1, 2, 3,
GABA b 2
GABA y 2
Increase GABA effect

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2
Q

Fast reacting Benzo drug for lipohilicity effect?

A

Diazepam

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3
Q

Adverse effects:
Benzos

A

Sedation
Cognitive impairment
Ataxia/incoordination
Amnesia
Paradoxical Agitation

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4
Q

Identify the class:

Zolpidem
Escopiclone
Zalepon

A

Z drugs - non-bento GABA enhancers

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5
Q

Which drug class is safest for as a hypnotic?

A

Z drugs always over benzo
- less abusive & does the same thing as a benzo

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6
Q

Identify Drug class:

Doxepine
Trazadone
Quetiapine
Mirtazipine
Hydroxyzine

Amitriptyline
Impramine

A

Antihistamines

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7
Q

Identify Drug class:

Doxepine
Trazadone
Quetiapine
Mirtazipine
Hydroxyzine

Amitriptyline
Impramine

A

Antihistamines

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8
Q

MOA:
Antihistamines

A

Block histamine 1 receptor

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9
Q

Which antihistamine also has antidepressant effects?

A

Trazadone (SSRI)
Doxepin (TCA)

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10
Q

which antihistamine is the most sedating?

A

amitriptyline and nortiptyline

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11
Q

Identify the class:

Ramelteon
Tasmelteon

A

Melatonin Agonists

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12
Q

MOA:
Ramelteon
Tasmelteon

A

Agonizing the melatonin receptor M1(induce sleep) & M2 (reset sleep cycle/jet lag)

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13
Q

Which melatonin agent would you prescribe for a geriatric patient that’s delirious and agitated in the ICU?

A

Ramelteon

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14
Q

Are melatonin agents abusive?

A

No

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15
Q

Which melatonin is recommended for geriatric patients?

A

Ramelteon

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16
Q

Identify the class:

Suvorexant
Lemorexant
Daridorexant

A

Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonists (DORA)

17
Q

MOA:
DORA agents

A

Orexin 1 and 2 receptors antagonized by DORA hypnotic agents

  • decreases orexin receptors associated in narcolepsy & obesity
    increases arousal in DA, Ach, NE, and histamine
18
Q

Are DORA agents abusive?

A

Yes, if dose is increased too high.

Pham II (6 decks)

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