Hypertension

Question 1

How is hypertension defined? What is the target BP for a patient with diabetes or chronic kidney disease?

Answer 1

Greater than 140/90= HTN

**In diabetics and CKD then you want a BP of less than 130/80

Things in bold and underlined are really important to know.

Question 2

How many people have HTN in the US? Worldwide?

Answer 2

+50 Million in US and 1 Billion worldwide.

Question 3

What is the lifetime risk of developing HTN?

Answer 3

90% in people who are normotensive at age 55

Question 4

Risk of getting CVD doubles with every ____/____ increase in BP.

Answer 4

20/10

Question 5

For people over 50, with is more important for predicting CVD? Systolic BP or Diastolic?

Answer 5

Systolic

Question 6

Discuss the pathophysiology of essential hypertension.

Answer 6

MAP= CO x SVR

Primary Defect in Na excretion–> Inc Plasma Volume–> inc CO–> Autoregulatory inc in SVR –> inc BP

Question 7

True or False: People that aren’t hypertensive but are in the “high normal” range have greater risk for CV events

Answer 7

True. This is why we worry about pre-hypertensives.

Question 8

How do you treat hypertension without a “compelling indication”?

Answer 8

1. Lifestyle changes (weight loss, exercise, low Na diet etc)
2. With Diuretics first and/or ACEI/ARBS/BB/CCB depending on severity.
   
   • *Compelling indication is basically diabetes or chronic kidney disease*

Question 9

How do you treat hypertension with a “compelling indication”?

Answer 9

1. Life style changes
2. 2. ACEI/ARBS first and Diuretic second.