hypertension Flashcards
bp equation
co x TPR
main cause of hypertension
decrease in the elastciity of arteries due to artheroscleoris and ca2+ so TPR is affected
complications
stroke
LV hypertrophy- heart failure
headaches
kidney failure
peripheral vascualr disease
what meds are better for black patients
NOT ACE
INVESTITGATIONS for monitoring or diagnosing disease
echo - Lv hypertophy
ecg
fundoscopy -check retinopathy
urine distick - kidney function
risk factors
diet- salt
obesity
smoking
alcohol
stress
caffeine
step 1 pharamalogical mamagement uk
<55 years old use ACE
> 55 OR BLACK - use calcium channel
step 2
combine CCB with ACE/ARBS
STEP 3
add thiazide
STEP 3
add thiazide
maligannt hypertentsion definition
systolic > 180
diastolic >120
malignant hypertension signs
Papilloedema and/or retinal haemorrhages
New-onset confusion (encephalophathy)
Seizure
Chest pain
Signs of heart failure
Acute kidney injury
tx for maligannt
you want to carefully control the drop in bp otherwise can lead to ischemic stroke so you aim for around 160/100 over 24 h .
oral meds is generally preffered over IV and ca 2+ usually first line
causes of secondary hypertensions
pheocromocytoma
conns syndrome -
cushings syndrome
coarctation of aorta - discrepency of extremities
renal a stenosis
ACROMEGALY
What is the best screening test for phaeochromocytoma?
plasma metanephrines
