Hypertension

Question 1

Defining criteria of stage 1 hypertension? (remember ABPM!)

Answer 1

Question 2

Defining criteria of stage 2 hypertension?
(remember ABPM!)

Answer 2

Question 3

Defining criteria of malignant hypertension?

Answer 3

BP > 180/120 mmHg

Question 4

Five complications of hypertension?

Answer 4

Question 5

What are the two types of hypertension with respect to their aetiology?

Answer 5

Question 6

What percentage of hypertension is primary?

Answer 6

95%

Question 7

What four things can cause secondary HTN?

Answer 7

Question 8

What four things should you investigate after a diagnosis of hypertension?

Answer 8

Question 9

How could you check the eyes for organ damage after a diagnosis of HTN?

Answer 9

Question 10

What two urine tests could you do to assess for kidney damage with a diagnosis of HTN?

Answer 10

Question 11

What five medications can be used to treat HTN?

Answer 11

Question 12

Which two medications used to treat HTN is it important to monitor K+ levels?

Answer 12

ACE-inhibitors - hyperkalaemia
Thiazide like diuretics - hypokalaemia
(ACE inhibitors inhibit aldosterone release so less K+ excreted. thiazide like diuretics can increase K+ excretion)

Question 13

What’s the BP treatment aim for HTN for patients less than 80 years old?

Answer 13

140/90

(150/90 for patients older than 80)

Question 14

If a patient is less than 55 years old and non-black, what is first second and third line drug treatment?

Answer 14

Question 15

If a patient is black or older than 55 years old, what is first second and third line drug treatment?

Answer 15

Question 16

What’s the average fall in systolic blood pressure from an anti-hypertensive medication?

Answer 16

8-10 mmHg

Question 17

What’s the average fall in diastolic blood pressure from an anti-hypertensive medication?

Answer 17

4-6 mmHg

Question 18

If a patient is low CVD risk, what stage HTN would you treat them at?

Answer 18

Stage 2

Question 19

If a patient is high CVD risk, what stage HTN would you treat them at?

Answer 19

Stage 1

Question 20

What are the symptoms of hypertension?

Answer 20

None - it’s symptomless

Question 21

How many years of life can a 50 year old male with untreated hypertension expect to lose?

Answer 21

7

Question 22

What’s the key dietary risk factor for hypertension?

Answer 22

Salt

Question 23

What’s the strongest risk factor for HTN?

Answer 23

weight/obesity