hypersensitivity & autoimmunity Flashcards
Which immunoglobulin(s) are involved in Type I hypersensitivity?
IgE
Which immunoglobulin(s) are involved in Type II hypersensitivity?
IgM or IgG
What are the main cytokine products released from Th1 cells in Type IV hypersensitivity?
IL-2 and gamma-interferon
What causes the clinical conditions seen in Type III hypersensitivity?
Abnormal deposition of formed antigen / antibody complexes
What is serum sickness?
Systemic illness where immune complexes are deposited throughout many tissues
What is arthus reaction?
A localised disorder where immune complexes form locally in tissues
True or false: Type IV hypersensitivity reactions usually occur in response to toxic environmental substances that the body’s immune system is struggling to destroy.
False - Type IV reactions occur in response to contact with inert substances that usually produce no great adverse effect
True or false: Type III hypersensitivity reactions are caused by formation of antigen/antibody immune complexes.
False - Type III reactions are caused by abnormal deposition of immune complexes in tissues. Immune complex formation is a normal physiological process.
Which immunoglobulin(s) are produced in the case of an allergic reaction?
IgE (Type I hypersensitivity)
What’s the difference in the mechanism of tissue damage in a Type II reaction between external antigens and self antigens?
The mechanisms of tissue damage are identical
Which class of hypersensitivity reaction causes ADCC?
Type II reactions cause ADCC (antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity)
True or false: Synthesis of IgE on its own is not enough to produce a clinical allergy.
True
What is the term for when the presence of IgE is not associated with any related symptoms?
Atopy
Which class(es) of hypersensitivity reaction can be caused by exogenous antigens or those from self?
Type II and III
What are the two types of tolerance?
Peripheral and central
