Hypersensitivity Flashcards
3 triggers of hypersensitivity
self antigens
excess inflammation from microbes
allergies or environmental antigens
Type I hypersensitivity timing and antibody
immediate, affiliated with IgE and eosinophils
Type I hypersensitivity mediators
vasoactive mediators, lipid mediators and cytokines
Most common type of Type 1 hypersensitivity
allergies…histamine response
food drug environment
Type II and III hypersensitivity antibodies
IgG and IgM, these are usually auto antibodies
Type II hypersensitivity description of mechanism
IgG/M auto antibodies commonly against specific tissue types or ECM, the antibodies directly bind the target and lead to localized symptoms
Type III hypersensitivity description of mechanism
IgG/M antibodies bind material in blood usually and form immune complexes…these can then deposit and lead to systemic issues
Types of issues with Type II hypersensitivity antibodies binding
opsonization/phagocytosis induced of cells that are not bad, complement and Fc receptor inflammation, receptor activation (graves disease)
Good pasture/anti-glomerular basement membrane disease mechanism and symptoms
Antibodies againts basement membrane of kidneys and lung…activates Fc receptors and fixes complement
fatigue, bloody urine, bloody lung, kidney failure
type II hypersensitivity
idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura disease and type of HyperSensitivity
antibodies against own platelets leading to opsonization and phagocytosis ….type II
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia disease and type of hypersensitivity
auto antibodies against RBCs membrane proteins…leads to anemia
type II
Graves disease information and type of hypersensitivity
autoantibody against the thyroid TSH receptor and actually activates when it binds..leading to too much thyroid hormone
type II
myasthenia gravis disease information and type of hypersensitivity
antibody binds the acetylcholine receptor in muscular synapse and prevents acetylcholine from binding…leads to problems with muscle contraction
type II
acute rheumatic fever disease and type of hypersensitivity
autoantibodies against myocardial
Type II
pemphigus vulgaris disease and type of hypersensitivity
autoantibodies against desmosomes
type II
pernicious anemia disease and type of hypersensitivity
autoantibodies against intrinsic factor
type II
Type III hypersensitivity timing
3-10 hours till onset
Type III hypersensitivity physiologic issues
complement and Fc receptor activation leads to recruitment of inflammatory cells…complement induces serious anaphylaxis and can cause histamine release
VASCULITIS
Common type III hypersensitivity symptoms
joint pain, fever, hives
Serum Sickness disorder and type of hypersensitivity
antibodies against horse serum and sometimes drugs…leads to immune complexes that cause symptoms of….type III hypersensitivity
systemic lupus type of hypersensitivity and associated symptoms
type II and III
vasculitis and arthritis for Type III
anti nuclear antibodies type II
Type IV hypersensitivity mechanism and timing
through T cells cytokines CD4 and CD8
1-3 days response
mainly dermatitis
PPD test type of hypersensitivity?
type IV cd4
poison ivy type of hypersensitivity?
type IV cd8
poison ivy mechanism of infection and treatment
urushiol is lipid and enters cells, then presentedby MHC I and the CD8 cells destroy
best treatment is to immediately wash skin so the oil does no spread then steroids
