Hypersensitivity

Question 1

what is the main cell type involved in type 1

Answer 1

mast cells

Question 2

which Ils released by mast cells induces a Th2 response in type 1

Answer 2

IL-4 and IL-13

Question 3

which type of T cell response is initiated in type 1

Answer 3

Th2

Question 4

which cells activate T cells

Answer 4

DCs and other APCs

Question 5

Which class of antibody is promoted in type 1

Answer 5

IgE

Question 6

Which receptor does the IgE bind to mast cells via and what does binding cause in type 1

Answer 6

Fc receptor

it causes degranulation

Question 7

what cytokine do mast cells release to initiate inflammation in type 1

Answer 7

TNFa

Question 8

which other cells do mast cells recruit in type 1

Answer 8

eosinophils

Question 9

how quick is the type 1 response

Answer 9

immediate

Question 10

what is the type 1 response initiated against

Answer 10

soluble allergens

Question 11

what is the type 2 response initiated against

Answer 11

drug allergy

Question 12

what sort of response is type 2

Answer 12

cytotoxic

Question 13

which cells are activated in type 2

Answer 13

NK cells and phagocytes

Question 14

what causes inflamation in type 2

Answer 14

complement

Question 15

which class of antibody is activated in type 2

Answer 15

IgG

Question 16

how is complement activate in type 2

Answer 16

by IgG

Question 17

what is one example of type 2 hypersensitivity

Answer 17

haemolytic disease of the newborn

Question 18

how long does type 2 response take

Answer 18

days

Question 19

how long does type 3 response take

Answer 19

6-8 hours

Question 20

which class of antibody is involved in type 3

Answer 20

IgG

Question 21

how does type 3 cause joint problems and RA

Answer 21

IgG forms immune complexes with antigens and deposits these complexes in the vessel wall, often in joints, causing local inflammation

Question 22

which cells are activaed in type 3

Answer 22

neutrophils

Question 23

where are neutrophils found

Answer 23

in the bloodstream

Question 24

what is the role of neutrophils

Answer 24

phagocytosis

Question 25

does type 3 activate complement

Answer 25

yes

Question 26

what are common diseases caused by type 3

Answer 26

serum sickness, arthus reaction, systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 27

how long does it take for a type 4 hypersensitivity response to occur

Answer 27

72hours

Question 28

which type of TH cell are activated in type 4

Answer 28

TH1

Question 29

what do th1 cells produce to activate macrophages in type 4

Answer 29

IFNg

Question 30

how are th1 cells activated in type 4

Answer 30

by soluble antigens

Question 31

do antibodies play a role in type 4 hypersensitivity

Answer 31

no

Question 32

give 3 examples of type 4

Answer 32

coeliac disease, poison ivy, insect venom

Question 33

give 3 examples of type 1

Answer 33

asthma, urticaria, rhinitis