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Immunology > Hypersensitivity > Flashcards

Hypersensitivity Flashcards

1
Q

what is the main cell type involved in type 1

A

mast cells

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2
Q

which Ils released by mast cells induces a Th2 response in type 1

A

IL-4 and IL-13

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3
Q

which type of T cell response is initiated in type 1

A

Th2

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4
Q

which cells activate T cells

A

DCs and other APCs

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5
Q

Which class of antibody is promoted in type 1

A

IgE

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6
Q

Which receptor does the IgE bind to mast cells via and what does binding cause in type 1

A

Fc receptor

it causes degranulation

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7
Q

what cytokine do mast cells release to initiate inflammation in type 1

A

TNFa

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8
Q

which other cells do mast cells recruit in type 1

A

eosinophils

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9
Q

how quick is the type 1 response

A

immediate

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10
Q

what is the type 1 response initiated against

A

soluble allergens

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11
Q

what is the type 2 response initiated against

A

drug allergy

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12
Q

what sort of response is type 2

A

cytotoxic

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13
Q

which cells are activated in type 2

A

NK cells and phagocytes

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14
Q

what causes inflamation in type 2

A

complement

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15
Q

which class of antibody is activated in type 2

A

IgG

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16
Q

how is complement activate in type 2

A

by IgG

17
Q

what is one example of type 2 hypersensitivity

A

haemolytic disease of the newborn

18
Q

how long does type 2 response take

A

days

19
Q

how long does type 3 response take

A

6-8 hours

20
Q

which class of antibody is involved in type 3

A

IgG

21
Q

how does type 3 cause joint problems and RA

A

IgG forms immune complexes with antigens and deposits these complexes in the vessel wall, often in joints, causing local inflammation

22
Q

which cells are activaed in type 3

A

neutrophils

23
Q

where are neutrophils found

A

in the bloodstream

24
Q

what is the role of neutrophils

A

phagocytosis

25
Q

does type 3 activate complement

A

yes

26
Q

what are common diseases caused by type 3

A

serum sickness, arthus reaction, systemic lupus erythematosus

27
Q

how long does it take for a type 4 hypersensitivity response to occur

A

72hours

28
Q

which type of TH cell are activated in type 4

A

TH1

29
Q

what do th1 cells produce to activate macrophages in type 4

A

IFNg

30
Q

how are th1 cells activated in type 4

A

by soluble antigens

31
Q

do antibodies play a role in type 4 hypersensitivity

A

no

32
Q

give 3 examples of type 4

A

coeliac disease, poison ivy, insect venom

33
Q

give 3 examples of type 1

A

asthma, urticaria, rhinitis

Immunology (11 decks)

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