Hypersensitivities

Question 1

Type I hypersensitivity: ()
- Begin in seconds after contact with ()
-Initial contact with allergen is asymptomatic but () person
-Activated () against antigen binds to mast cells and basophils
-Later encounter with same allergen causes flood of histamine release from (), resulting in induced inflammatory response

Answer 1

allergies
allergen
sensitizes
IgE
IgEs

Question 2

() reaction
Causes () and increased vascular permeability
-Leads to symptoms of runny nose, itchy hives, or watery eyes
-Asthma can occur if allergen is inhaled
-() are needed to control

Allergic reactions can be local or systemic
Local reaction:
(), respiratory, gastrointestinal mucosa

() response (() or Anaphylactic shock)
Usually seen with injected allergens (example: bee sting)
Massive bronchoconstriction
Treatment: epinephrine

Answer 2

Histamine
vasodilation
Antihistamines
Skin
Systemic
Anaphylaxis

Question 3

Type II Hypersensitivities
() (type II) reactions
-Antibodies bind to antigens on specific body ()
Best Example: () Blood Cells
Lead to destruction of cell via:
()
Complement-mediated ()
()-Dependent Cell-Mediated ()
-NK cells recruited by Antibodies
-Lead to cell death via Apoptosis

Answer 3

Cytotoxic
cells
Red
Phagocytosis
lysis
Antibody
Cytotoxicity

Question 4

Type III hypersensitivities:
Immune (/)
Antigen-antibody complexes form within blood

Then complexesare deposited in tissue:
Skin, Joints, Blood Vessels, Glomeruli
Complement activation, neutrophil recruitment and intense inflammation all ensue
Example: Systemic Lupus () (SLE), Rheumatoid (), Post Streptococcal ()

Answer 4

complex hypersensitivity
Erythematosus
Arthritis
Glomerulonephritis

Question 5

Type IV Hypersensitivity:
() hypersensitivities (type IV)
-Slow onset (1–3 days)
-()-activated macrophages and cytotoxic T cells cause damage
-Example: () contact dermatitis (e.g., poison ivy)
-TB skin test depends on this reaction

Answer 5

Delayed
Cytokine
allergic